Immunoregulatory Effects Of Four Traditional Chinese Medicine Polysaccharides And Two Chinese Herbal Medicines

As an important part of traditional Chinese medicine, herbal medicine have obvious effectiveness, but effective components in traditional herbal medicine is not clearly de-fined, utilization of these herbal medicine in the modern medical science is limited. Ex-ploring of physical and chemical properties and biological activity of traditional Chinese medicine constituents helps traditional Chinese medicine to be used in clinic. This program is commissioned by Infinitus (China) Company Ltd to study the immunoregulatory ef-fects of four kinds of polysaccharides and two kinds of oil from traditional Chinese med-icines. The four kinds of polysaccharides are lycium barbarum polysaccharide, ginseng polysaccharide, Morinda officinalis polysaccharide, and polygonum multiflorum poly-saccharide. The two kinds of oil are schisandra oil and clove oil. To determine immune regulation effects of these polysaccharides and the oil, we established concanavalin A autoimmune hepatitis model and immunosuppression model, treated with polysaccharide or oil, detected peripheral blood ALT concentration and splenic inflammatory cytokines expression, detected T cell subsets in spleen and mesenteric lymph node by Flow cytom-etry.These four kinds of polysaccharides treatment made no significant difference on spleen and lymph nodes T cell subset, whereas clove oil and schisandra fruit oil up-reg-ulated Treg cells ratio in normal mice(p<0.05). Thl cells ratio Thl cells can not demon-strate the severity of inflammation in Con A model.Apart from the lycium barbarum polysaccharide and Morinda polysaccharide, the other two polysaccharides and two kinds of oil reduce ConA models of spleen IL-4 and IL-17 (p<0.01), and clove oil reduces spleen IL-17 expression in normal mice (p<0.05), schisandra fruit oil reduces the IL-4 and IL-17 expression in normal mouse spleen [IL-4 (p<0.01), IL-17 (p<0.05)]. Ginseng polysaccharide and clove oil can reduce ConA model mice peripheral blood Alanine aminotransferase concentration (p<0.01). Clove oil and ginseng polysaccharide have hepatoprotective effect, but the toxicity limits application of clove oil. We further studied ginseng polysaccharides regulation effect in the cyclophos-phamide immunesuppressive model. Wedetected thymus index and spleen cell prolifera-tion, the T cell subsets proportion of spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes in immunesup-pression model. Ginseng polysaccharide treatment can reverse the change of CD4+/ CD8+T cell ratio (P<0.01) and the percentage of CD69+in CD3+T cells (P<0.05 in mes-enteric lymph nodes, P<0.01 in spleen) in immunosuppressive model.Polysaccharides showed limited immunomodulatory effect in ConA hepatitis model. Schisandra oil and clove oil changed the ratio of T cell subsets in normal mice, but the significance of these changes is not clear enough. Clove oil and ginseng polysaccharide has inhibitory effect on Con A induced hepatitis, but the clove oil is toxic for mice. Gin-seng polysaccharide can regulate immune system function in the inflammatory and im-mune suppression model.In the second part of the study, we focus on the function of tumor cell derived mi-croparticles. Microparticles, ranging from 0.1-1 μm in diameter, are plasma membrane derived vesicles that shed from stimulated or apoptotic cells. Microparticles can intercel-lular transfer receptors, cytokine, mRNA, miRNA and other signals or molecules. Mi-croparticles play pivotal roles in inflammation and tumor metastasis. We found that the microparticles reduce DSS induced intestinal inflammation in mice. As a carrier, micro-particle delivers oncolytic virus, help the virus to escape antibody neutralization.