A Study On The Acquisition Of Interrogative Pronouns In Foreign Students

Modern Chinese has a large quantity of interrogative pronouns, some of them such as "Zenme","Zenmeyang","Zenyang" and "Ruhe" can all refer "way", they have varities of reference and every two of them have the same reference. Besides,"Zenme" has a similar pronunciation with "Zenmeyang","Zenyang", and like all other interrogative pronouns, these four interrogative pronouns’non-interrogative usage used very often in daily life, these factors make foreign students distinguish them more difficult. So this paper selected "Zenme","Zenmeyang","Zenyang" and "Ruhe", in this paper we all call them "Zenme" category interrogative pronouns for convenience to investigate the acquisition conditions about their reference categories and non-interrogative usage of foreign students from the perspective of Chinese as a second language acquisition, in the hope of conclusions can be drawn to provide some useful suggestions to foreign language teaching profession.The whole paper is divided into four parts:First, this paper lists the forms and analyzes the error sentences of foreign students searched from the interlanguage corpus, to find the problems and difficulties existed in "Zenme"category interrogative pronouns acquisition about foreign students according to errors rate statistics, then we try to explaine the causes of the errors.Secondly, we re-classify the "Zenme" category interrogative pronouns’reference categories on the basic of combing the findings of our predecessors from the perspective of Chinese as a second language acquisition, and every kind of reference has syntactic, semantic and pragmatic description; then we count the different usage rate of every kind of reference in Chinese corpus and interlanguage corpus of different stage foreign students to compare their differences, so as to the acquisition sequence of every kind of reference and the changing, developing acquisition process of foreign students can be found.Thirdly, we re-classify the "Zenme" category interrogative pronouns’ non-interrogative usage on the basic of combing the findings of our predecessors, the non-interrogative usage will be divided into universal reference, anaphoric reference, phantom reference and pragmatic functions from the perspective of second language acquisition research, including detailed description of sentence structures and meanings. Then we count the different usage rate of non-interrogative usage respectively of native speakers and foreign students, we count the rates of different mother languages background and different stages of foreign students respectively, so as to compare with native speakers better. And we use several different statistical techniques then acquired the acquisition order of different non-interrogative usages: universal reference> pragmatic functions> phantom reference> anaphoric reference.Finally, we further analysize the factors restricting the current acquisition order from different point of views, and investigate the selections and arrangements of grammar points which are relevant to interrogative pronouns in some popular, existing outlines and teaching materials. At last we put forward one suggestion that adoptting the pragmatic teaching mode to enhance pragmatic teaching.