On Feuerbach 's Perceptual Philosophy

In traditional metaphysics, sensibility often related to external, intuitive, feeling, uncertainty linked to a rational vassal, as the vassal of ration. Even if, as Baumgarten trying to rise to an inductive science, it was not like to reveal the true colors of the emotional sensibility, but on scientific and objective perceptual objects. Traditional philosophical sense of "sensibility" was abstract and metaphysical, in accordance with a rational construct to grasp the inherent sensibility. Instead, Feuerbach’s philosophy was strongly eliminate emotional sensibility within this rational consciousness, but to grasp the emotional performance of the external object, therefore, the task would be that of Feuerbach’s philosophy upside down " ration" for "sensibility" priority, especially when metaphysics in its finished form-Hegelian philosophy, in the form of rational self-consciousness or complete loss of reality, and therefore it was the emotional task of fulfilling the dead, nothing rational principles, make a new philosophy renewed vigor.Feuerbach first criticized directly at Hegel’s philosophy. Hegel criticize Kant Fichte’s philosophy of making revolutionary subjective, the principle of unity of physical, historical principles and self-awareness, starting from the conceptual knowledge, Hegel’s philosophy has become an all-encompassing absolute knowledge system. As in modern times occurred in Cartesian philosophy as already exists in Hegel’s philosophy, God was everything as an intermediary between the intrinsic and extrinsic properties can be achieved prerequisite. In other words, only the existence of God, make our own knowledge of external things possible. Thus the history of modern metaphysics also be expressed as a rational theology or rationalization process. With Feuerbach’s words, the truth of theism was pantheism and pantheism truth was speculative philosophy. However, completion of the metaphysics was principle in Hegel, also an end to this "philosophy-theology," this process ended in Nietzsche’s description as "God was dead." Spirit was not considered as the ultimate expression of its object. The whole metaphysical system fell into nihilism. Nihilism, as the inevitable fate of Western metaphysics, its foundation of conscious self-alienation, had hidden in the beginning of the establishment of metaphysics. When Hegel completed its richness of this principle, it was able to reveal a fundamental contradiction."Future Philosophy" and " Provisional outline philosophical transformation " was a comprehensive critique of Hegel. Feuerbach’s philosophical position to build their own writings. Feuerbach hit the theological basis of Hegelian philosophy. He pointed out that theology was the essential characteristic of Hegel’s philosophy. When Hegel discussed sensibility, on basis of this theology, he abandoned the real emotional thing, and make the general sensibility into rational being. Thus, Feuerbach was to reverse the metaphysics.In both books, Feuerbach focused on the principles of sensibility, characterized in that the primary sensual immediacy and emotional intuitive. Emotional relationship was between the occurrence and straightforward thing, without going through the intermediary of self-reflection. Because the results of this reflection would inevitably lead to self-consciousness, that is, to get things on our appearance. Self-consciousness, as the closed subject, was merely symptom-based knowledge, and only outside intuitive thing was that we deal with. We do not need God as an intermediary to recognize our own guarantee, with " blood to fight stamp guarantees."The sensuous objects was the nature as the sum of external things. Here,"natural " was no longer as in Hegel’s philosophy as a philosophy of external negative form. There was no relationship between nature and the idea. It was naturally positive nature of existence. According to Feuerbach’s conclusion, being metaphysical "abandoned" a thousand years later, philosophy won the chance to name the sensibility. Sensibility was the primarily true reality.Perceptual reversal of reason was not just intuitive to replace rational nothingness. On the contrary, an intuitive sensibility also requires transcendent principles. Not only facing of nature and other people, the first principle of sensibility developed into the " religion of love ", especially in love with the performance on the gender of the flesh."Love " was a transcendent principle of unity.The two-fold of intuition lies in the so-called " Gaul-Germanic principle " that was reconciliation of ration and emotion. The final destination of the people is in the human science. As a complete person, ration and sensibility are indispensable. Feuerbach’s purpose was that both would be placed on top of his own position, on the one hand, grasp the sensual truth of things, on the other hand, rational abstraction was product of sensibility.However, Feuerbach’s materialist metaphysics does not really go beyond the boundaries of the reason. What Feuerbach understood was merely passive sensibility, principles reflect. It still remained in the consciousness of immanence. The "sensual intuition " was just a restoration of the old metaphysical principles. On the other hand, it was always emotional as "isolated individual" sensibility, regardless of their advocacy of abstract principles of love, cannot always give the main principles of society and history.Despite this, however, Feuerbach’s philosophy was not meaningless; he opened up a sensual way for future philosophy. The philosophy of the future development was sure to face emotional status, and cannot be treated like17th and18th century materialism which was discarded by the absolute spirit. After Feuerbach, his philosophy influenced many philosophers critique of modernity, in which Marx to develop it as a sensual and objective activity principle. Stirner developed individual sensibility to the extreme. Martin Buber’s elucidation of the relationship as the modern Jewish theology was extracted from Feuerbach’s theory of "I and Thou".