Study On Landscape Change Of Wangling District In Ming And Qing Dynasties

During the Ming dynasty, the political status of Xi’an was lower than that in Han and Tang dynasties. However, as an important town in the northwest of China, its military status could not be ignored. In the early period of Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming dynasty, sent his second son Zhu Shuang to Xi’an to inherit the lands as the king of Qin. There were fourteen kings of Qin Ming dynasty, and most of their graves were located on the plateau in the south of Xi’an city. There have been different opinions about identity of persons in the graves. Though field investigation, materials collection, interview records and other methods, I raise my opinion of the specific location of the graves of kings of Qin, and further clarify the construction and changes of the landscape in graves area of kings of Qin.The building of the graves area of kings of Qin was a process that the agricultural landscape was changed into the grave landscape. The grave landscapes were with huge tombs, nice stone carvings, lush pine trees, lush Chinese catalpa trees and neat buildings instead of irregular farmlands. To some degree, the building and expansion of the graves area of kings of Qin reduced the number of farmlands, which had affected local people’s life.From Qing dynasty to the 1990s, with the development of traditional agricultural society, the landscape of grave region transferred to the agriculture landscape. This was demonstrated not only in a constant increase in the number of villages which were named after "well", but also in the agricultural activities. In order for developing the agriculture, people altered the landscape in grave region, which included flattening the lands and wiping off the grave of Qin King. In addition, the grave robbery in different periods had also impacted on the change of landscape.Accompanied with the construction of roads was the further process of urbanization. The protection and devastation of Qin King’s grave region coexisted with each, and there formed complexity of spatial structure in cities, including the appearance of factories, large-scale hospitals and conservation zone of relics. In the modern development, it is suggested that the protection of relative relics within the grave region of Qin King should be strengthened, and the unique geographic features should be reserved.