A Study Of Zhang Qi Family In The Northern Song Dynasty

During the period of Northern Song dynasty,There were not a few families rose in military exploit.But Zhang Qi’family was not different,it rose in SongZhenzong’Qian Di(Palace of a feudal prince). At flrst,Zhang Qi was served in Qian Di. With the advantages of Qian Di system, not only his military official rose faster,but also his office was very higher then before.Then, Zhang Qi was not get any achievements in political,and his family education was not excellent.But he was lay the foundation for the development of the family. Almost of the second generation of the Zhang Qi’s family in virtue of Yin Bu system(It was similar to hereditary system)who become officials of Empire.They by Zhang Qi’s family education, not only they were not get any achievements in political,but also they were degenerate. Along with the policy of "Elevating the civilian and restraining the military", the military’s family must change themselves,and "Military officers who became civilian officials" was a vital choice.Based on this, Zhang Qi’s family begin to transform their family tradition "military officers who became civilian officials". Then educate their offspring through "advocating literature". The forth generation who impacted by new family tradition completed the transformation about family education and get much more success of politic or military then the second ones. Especially the honorable career that resisted Jin dynasty carried out by Zhang Shuye and Zhang Kejian which gained noble praise.However, with scourge of war and fewer talents were dead in the late Northern Song Dynasty, the family began to decline. At the end of the article, there is relationship by marriage of family of Zhang Qi which is one of the important factors promoting the family’s development. And Zhang Qi’s family compared with the other families of generals and the families of civil officials which also brought about some changes in family trait.However,the political career of members of Zhang Qi’s family and transformation of family’s education were related to change of political environment in Northern Song dynasty.