On The Cultivation Of The Lyricism In The Wei, Jin, Southern And Northern Dynasties

The course of Chinese literature undergoes an important change in the Wei, Jin, Northern andSouthern Dynasties. Just as what predecessors said, it is a period of literature consciousness—political education no longer became the primary aims of literature. The enhancement of articles’emotion was just emerging under this kind of phenomenon. Emotion is one of the most importantaspects of literature. From Qin, Han Dynasties to Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties,when it comes to the enhancement of emotion, the manifestation of article was more abvious thanpoem and Fu. The main carriers of emotion in Qin and Han Dynasties were poem and Fu. And themain function of the article was talking about reasoning and narrating at that time. But articleslyricism has been unprecedented strengthening since Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties. Itis the most significant progress. Espacially the extension of lyrical range to daily life makes thearticles more expressiveness and dynamic. The enhancement of articles’ emotion is an importantturning point and it is just accomplished in the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties.The definition of “ariticle” is rather confusing in the currunt academics. In this paper, I defineit as the styles except poem and Fu. From the perspective of Wen Xuan, it contains every stylesexcept Fu, poem, Sao, Qi and Ci.What emotion enhanced to what extent is the focus of this paper. It is difficult to find anobject criterion to analyze the emotion which articles contain because of the abstraction of it. Inthis paper, it is divided into two aspects. One is an external phenomenon which is an expression assame as explanation, argument and narration. The other is an internal motive that stimulatesauthors to creat. Accordingly, this article will show the emotion of the eassays in the Wei, Jin,Northern and Southern Dynasties in two parts—contents and methods. Then the next is the causeof it—the change of article ideas. The intensity of emotion is also an compulsory portion. Thisarticle discussed it by the means of diachronic contrast and synchronic contrast. The diachroniccontrast has an especail efficiency in showing the enhancement of emotion. Firstly, mourningarticles, letters and official documents have great changes under the influence of emotion incontrast to the Qin-Han ones. Secondly, in general, the extension of essays’ emotion in Wei, Jin,Northern and Southern Dynasties to the daily life makes it different from the ones in Qin and HanDynasties. Thirdly, the contrast between the essays in Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynastiesand poem, Fu in Qin and Han Dynasties is also feasible. This can tell the emotional expression details in heritage and development. Synchronic contrast is mainly carried out between articlesand poems, Fu in Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties. Similarities and differences of themcan be exhibited apparently. The above will be distributed among the various sections in the paper.At first, the paper discusses three styles whose emotions enhance most. They are mourningarticles, letters and official documents. Each of them has distinctive features and according to thishas distinctive emotional expression.The feature of mourning article is their direct connection withdeath. So the emotions of them are centralized and unified.But the lyric is not strong until Wei, Jin,Northern and Southern Dynasties. Letter is a highly dynamic Stylistics with few limitations.It isvery flexible in contents and ideas. This kind of advantage is not acting until Wei, Jin, Northernand Southern Dynasties,either. The creation of official documents was very prosperous in HanDynasty. Many works such as Jia Yi’s Xin Shu have strong emotional performance and the laterworks can’t surpass them. Nevertheless the official documents in Wei, Jin, Northern and SouthernDynasties also have some advancements in emotional expression. It is not the strength but thebreadth.Next are the performance, causes and significance of the enhancement of articles’emotion inWei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties. There are three points in the performance. Firstly, thecontents of articles are inclined to poems and Fu. Secondly, the methods of expressing emotionsrefer to the methods of poems and Fu. Last is the change of article ideas. It is a kind ofmanifestation as well as direct reason. Judging from the creation and theoretical expression, in theview of authors, it is common and natural to express their emotions which are related to daily life.Lyrical concept gradually formes and becomes an aesthetic criteria which is consciously abided bythe authors.Then the paper discussed the reason of the emotional enhancement of articles with a threadof “Article—Literature—Society”. The emotional enhancement of articles is in the background ofthe emotional enhancement of all literature. And similarly, the the emotional enhancement of allliterature is in the background of the social fashion of passionate preferences. And we can alsotrace the source back to Donghan mid. Political instability and the change of values can beregarded as the initial sources. In addition, Wei is an important turning point. The reason is thateven though the political situation is enlightened and stable, writers won’t regard the literature as adependency on politics as usual. The significance of the emotional enhancement of articles is obvious,too. It endues the articlewith a new kind of function and value—reflecting the real daily life and expressing the daily lifeemotions. And more ordinary the emotion is, more values it has. Then the article can be more trueand cordial than ever before. It is ordinary,but at the same time it is great.