A Study On The "Lexical - Syntactic Semantics" Of Verbs Based On Annotated Corpus

Under the theoretical background of the theory of Semantic Grammar and based on Sun Daogong (2011)’s "lexical semantic feature tagging set" and "Syntactic category semantic feature tagging set", we choose ten typical trivalent verb of giving as a case study. Then we analysis the "lexical-syntactic semantic" connection problem of the given verbs from two latitudes, which are lexical semantic and syntactical semantic. The article consists of five parts as follows:Firstly, we analysis the semantic problem of the given verbs which we screened before in lexical semantic level, and based on "lexical semantic feature tagging set". Then we get their sequential patterns and lexical semantic feature table. We also analysis the semantic roles and syntactic category semantic feature of ten given verbs when they are in combination in syntactical semantic level.Secondly, we look into the connection of lexical units and semantic roles (including the inner and outer) of the given verbs on the basis of the annotated given verbs corpus. That verified and enriched the theory that when lexical units turn into the inner semantic role, the same category feature decide the same syntactic expression, the different lexical features control the concrete combination objects (Sun Daogong 2011)Thirdly, on the basis of the annotated given verbs corpus, we sum up the models of semantic roles of the given verbs, as well as the prototype sentence model and the non. We find that given verbs totally covers 11 categories of 267 sentence modular form. Among them, the type of "give" covered 8 categories and 152 kinds of sentence model form, the type of "notice" covered 10 categories and 115 kinds of sentence model.Fourthly, on the basis of the annotated given verbs corpus, we probe into the problem of semantic role’s mapping of the given verbs. As trivalent verbs, their agents mainly map as subject and object in syntactical level, their patient mainly map as object and subject, things map as object. Combined with the statistical analysis of corpus, we find that the prototype position of agent is the subject position, object is the non-prototypical position, while the patient is the object prototype map location, and the subject is the non-prototypical position.Finally, we try to discover the general law of the interactive relationship between lexical-syntactic. We find that the lexical semantic of given verbs determines its semantic role’ syntactical element. The agent and things must be animate, while the object must be noun or noun phrase. At the same time, we analyzes restrictions on lexical semantic, which include their vital force, voluntary, orientation degree and complex forms. Lexical meanings will highlight, increase or transformation when they affected by the syntactic structure.