A Comparison Between Kant 's And Husserl' S Transcendental Space

Immanuel Kant believed that space is neither the order of objects in the eyes of Leibniz nor the absolutely static space in the Newtonian mechanics; Space can keep its “ relative spatial” motion only by the attraction and repulsion of objects spread in it, as well as by the interaction between the gravitation and repulsion. Absoluteness of space presents itself in its conceptual existence. space has no relationship with the moving materials within it; space has its own component parts; the nature of space is the principle and prerequisite for human beings to sense the outside world; space is a subjective existence and can not be cognized and sensed.Inspired by the Riemannian Geometry, Edmund Husserl had a frontier cognition to the bending of real space whose existence is independent of experience. There by Husserl opened his exploring door to start his geometric description of the material components of space itself, and disclosed the curved existent form of space in itself; space is the extension of things, every part of space is filled with things consisting of basic materials, and the relationship between space and things is unified and co-existing. The subjectively existing human beings, as one of the things composing the space of the earth, form the part, and it always stands in the continuously connecting state with the rest material parts that constitute the specific spatial partition. The main field of binocular vision and its included contents that is the elements fitted into certain partial part in the spatial partition. The composing types of the spatial objects offer different phrasal, level, partial and objective giving in visual contact dominated by subjective and multiple realizations, thus making the whole consciousness process of subjects enable the field of vision the whole consciousness subjects, to continuously enrich itself. Inspired by Hermann von Helmholtz and Hailin’s theory of visual pigment, Husserl noted the light the space filling body(things)-catoptic imaging have connecting relation of direct connection in subjects’ binocular vision field; the converted consciousness objective which is formed by the recursion to the consciousness process of different visual objects which is received in the binocular dynamic visual field, as well as the real objects themselves in partial scope of the corresponding spatial partition, and other real objects have co-existing and isomorphism relationships.(the objects owned by material subjects consisting of space and the giving and receiving of frequently contacting and connecting of the main dynamic vision, as well as the consciousness conversion and natural restoration coming into the deeper levels.)Husserl’s philosophical thinking direction, in which he claimed that the spatial levels composed of materials has bi-directive corresponding, interdependent and interactional relationships with subjects that constituting partially continuing connection every time and everywhere with other materials, is coincident with the creative opinion proposed by the representative of non-European geometry in modern times------Friedrich Riemann, in which he claimed that space can not depart from the materials within it, the structure of space is determined by materials, and space is an amorphous manifold that can be measured and surveyed; Riemannian geometry is properly the mathematical basis of the Relatedness Theory in physics. Husserl’s cognition to the material constructure level of space is accordance with the views of the representative of the Relatedness Theory------Albert Einstein, in which he considered that Newton’s absolute spatial view is not the universal principle basically; an absolute space, in nature, does not exist, hence can not be the conceptual precondition of physics; when the material particles are doing variable motion, the existence states of materials can transmute into each other; space, in with materials consist of nature, has close relationship with the material structures.This thesis takes the Kant and Husserl’s text of works on cognition to space as its origin, trying to distinguish and analyze their cognition to the differences and similarity of the nature of space. It firmly claims that human’s living world is the part and scope composed by certain specific materials in space, it not only directly links with the subject, the cognition to the scope of space in the level of material structural level of space is also(absolutely) enlarged gradually during the continual directly connecting of the subjects. Philosophical might need the verification of scientific theories, and scientific theories can not be isolated from the guidance of philosophical minds. The two should develop parallelly and support each other.