On The Women 's Politics In Japanese Imperial Court

Nyoin is a unique political system in the history of Japan, which began in the middle of the period of Heian. In Insei period Nyoin appeared to be at the height of its power, it has continued until the era of the Meiji restoration. There is a close relationship between Nyoin and the Gaiseki(relatives of a king or an emperor on the side of his mother or wife.)At first, Nyoin is a kind of identity which aimed to improve the treatment of the mother of the Tenno and. It also occupied an irreplaceable position in the etiquette. Along with the Dynasty social development and the gradual weakening of the power of the nobility dukes, Insei became strong increasingly. Under this background, Nyoin became a unique political power in the dynasty political system, It showed strong life force not only in the court etiquette, the religion and the culture, but also further involved in politics, and it has a profound influence on Japanese politics. The development and the fading process of Nyoin reflects the change of Japanese society. Nobility Dukes lost the power of politic gradually and the royal returned to the center of the power.The problem of Nyoin is quite complicated. From the perspective of female history, Nyoin system and Japanese empress politics, noble women in politics, Bukei female in politics build the Japanese women’s political research system together; and in the aspect of culture, It makes outstanding contributions to the Japan’s traditional culture, especially dynasty women gain support from Nyoin, with respect to a limited number of the empress and Bukei female who has been bounded by their father and brother or their husband, Nyoin is strong in the dynasty social. In politics, economy and culture they all made a great progress. In addition, Nyoin occupies a very important position in the history of the family. Different political forces represented to the different origins of Nyoin, they use the political identity of its flexible and powerful economic strength to deal politic problems among the various political forces. They also skillfully maintain the balance of forces of the parties, and to seek to maximize the benefits for the family. From the perspective of women’s history and family history, in the important transition period of Japanese ancient politics, Nyoin is an important issue that researchers can not ignore.From Shirakawa Insei to gotoba Insei, the aristocracy, Tenno and the samurai group were acting frequently, the political competition is more intense. In less than one hundred years of history, Nyoin is Representative of different political forces, They have a superb political means and strong economic strength and start the independent activities. With the unprecedented position, they also have a far-reaching influence on politics, economy and culture. With the decline of the Dynasty, momism is replaced by patriarchal system. Nyoin becomes skeleton. But the huge social impact continued, Especially in the ideology and culture. Nyoin set the scope of the female political standard in a certain time, occupying an important position in Japan and the world women’s political history. It also provides a strong basis for the later study of ancient female politics.This paper will focus on Insei, Gaiseki(the relatives of a king or an emperor on the side of his mother or wife)and Nyoin, clarify the characteristics of Nyoin in the period of Insei. Points are the formation, development and prosperity of Nyoin in the period of Insei, and what its political authority, administrative means and historical role are. Focusing on the establishment of Nyoin system’s background and the political, social and economic reasons, explain how Nyoin can grow into a unique political power.By focusing on the Nyoin of Japan and its influence in politic, economic and culture, from the perspective of women, describe the general picture of Insei, and prove that Japanese women play the unique and important role in the development of Japanese history at the same time.