The Research Of The King Gwanghae’s Two-side Diplomatic Policy Before And After The Battle Of Sarhu

New phases were caused to the situation of Northeast Asia in early17th century owing to the rise of Houjin(后金)After the Imjin War was over, challenges to Ming Dynasty(明)by Hougin were begun again.By the way, Joseon Dynasty was worked with an important variable in relations between Ming and Houjin. The reason was that Joseon located in a backside of Houjin that enabled to strike the enemy from the front and rear side. However, Joseon could not but to blindly follow Ming even through Joseon had toadyism with Ming because the authority of Houjin was not able to be disregarded as a new-emerging power. Nonetheless, King Gwanghae overcame such crises having been confronted even before the war cloud of Imjin War was gone away.Thus, this study intends to inquire into the background of the Joseon’s expeditionary forces to Ming, that was the policy of Jurchen (女真) from Jeseon and Ming as an external factor of uprising Jurchen. Also, we will look into relations between Joseon and Houjin before joseon’s expeditionary forces to Ming, and consider the process of dispatching forces to Ming in the triangle relations among Joseon, Ming, and Houjin, such like dispatching request by Ming owing to conquering war from Houjin, Joseon’s attitudes on the request. And relations between Joseon and Houjin focused on Joseon’s expeditionary forces to Ming during mid-term Joseon will be reviewed by checking surrender of Joseon’s forces in Battle of Sarhu and processing problems on prisoners.Northeast Asia situation at the shifting period from Ming to Qing Dynasty was very complicated. In the Imjin War times, Ming dispatched forces to Jeseon, and new relationship like’the inestimable boon of Ming’was formed accordingly. On the other hand, King Gwanghae adopted the policy of reign and self-strengthening continuously while Houjin grew up speedily.Ming requested Joseon’s expeditionary forces to Ming prior to Battle of Sarhu. However, opinions on dispatching forces were different between King Gwanghae and his lieges. Most lieges thought that Joseon had to send forces to Ming based on "the inestimable boon of Ming." On the contrary to this. King Gwanghae worried about war risks that would happen after dispatching forces together with confused domestic situations after Imjin War. So, Gwanghae took evasive attitudes on the dispatching matter. Responding to Ming’s constant requests on dispatching forces and favorable attitudes of Joseon’s royal court, King Gwanghae decided dispatch of forces finally. However, Joseon’s forces were surrendered to Houjin during Battle of Sarhu. Ming Dynasty doubted the surrender just like being made by King Gwanghae’s order, and Joseon did aggressive explanations on the matter promptly. After that, Ming became to request re-draft of Joseon. But, King Gwanghae worried about deterioration in relations between Joseon and Houjin, and clarified Joseon’s inevitable situations by sending an envoy to Houjin. Afterwards, relations among3countries (Joseon, Ming, Houjin) became more complicated.The foreign policy of King Gwanghae having been spread in the competing area between Ming Dynasty, existing great power and Houjin as an emerging power did not get its fruition because of restraints by contemporary officials and The King Injo Restoration. However, his neutral foreign policy could be well known to future generations as an important policy by King who intended to evade war and preserve territory. Therefore, this study expects that consideration on great foreign policy of King Gwanghae could express a warning to the people in the way of deciding foreign policies with big powers and international attitudes.