The Modern Transformation Of Tibetan Buddhist Monastery Management

Tibetan Buddhism, as one of the top three theories of Buddhism of the world and the top three branches of Buddhism in China, has a long history. In China, Tibetan Buddhism mainly distributed in Mongolian Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas. Traditionally, the believers of Tibetan Buddhism are Tibetan, Mongol, Du, Qiang, Yugur, Naxi and parts of Han. Especially Tibetan, Tibetan Buddhism has shaped the entire Tibetan community for a long time. Tibetan Buddhism has influenced the development of politics, economy, culture, education and other aspects of Tibet society, until the ’theocratic’ system forms has been established. Tibetan has become a community support of Tibetan Buddhism, and Tibetan Buddhism has also become the spiritual and behavior guide of Tibetan. After the Democratic Reform, the Tibetan areas has achieved’secularism’. The religious policies of Freedom of religious belief and Independence and Self-administration have become the requirements of the state religious governance. To accelerate socialist modernization and build a moderately prosperous society, the 18th the fourth, the fifth plenary sessions of the Communist Party of China comprehensively promoted the rule of law, and establish institutionalized, normalized and programmatic of the political system. In the field of Tibetan Buddhism, the requirements of the reform have become more specific for the management of religious affairs.The dissertation reviews the history of monastery of Tibetan Buddhism in three phases. The three phases are the period before the Democratic Reform, the period between the Democratic Reform and the Cultural Revolution, the period after the Cultural Revolution. Then, it analyzes the specific performance of the organization and personal allocation, financial management, the management of monks in Tibetan Buddhism monasteries and describes the basic situation of Tibetan Buddhist monastery from a macro perspective. The second chapter and third chapter are case studies of Yonghegong Lama Temple and Sumtseling Monastery. It analyzes the specific performance of organization and personal allocation, institutional development, financial management, the management of Buddhist activities and the management of monks. Then, it concludes the changes of Yonghegong Lama Temple and Sumtseling Monastery in the period of the adapting Tibetan Buddhism to socialist society. Based on the above analysis, it summarizes the traditional management model and modern management model running at the same time. It finds that they observe the principle of’using the temple itself to support the temple’to develop the monastery scenic. It also finds the monastery learning contents and forms of monks have become diversity. These three features of Yonghegong Lama Temple and Sumtseling Monastery are in common. It also analyzes the election from among themselves of khangtsen and the trinity management system in Sumtseling Monastery and the open and transparent financial management in Yonghegong Lama Temple. Then it concludes the transformation of Tibetan Buddhism Monastery management model in three ways. The first one is the transformation of’rule of man’to’rule of law’in management philosophy. The second one is the transformation of’god-centered’to’people oriented’ in management Core. The third one is the transformation of’totalitarian rule’to ’democratic governance’in management methods. After the comparison of two monasteries’management model, it is obvious that the enlightenment that government-led and monastery debugging consciously are the mainstream management model for Tibetan Buddhism monasteries. Monasteries take religious laws and regulations as the yardstick and debug consciously. Monasteries interact with government and coordinate the resources in the process of management. Monastery accepts the’people-oriented’concept and promotes the establishment of democratic multi-directional interaction between monastery, monks and believers. In the end, it puts forward two shortcomings of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in the modern transformation process. One is that modern religious services targeting is not high. The other is that modern supervision system do not function well.