Agribusiness In The Agrarian Reform Movement (1946-1949)

As one of the main organs to implementing the land reformpolicy of the communist party of China during1946-1949,peasantassociations promoted the execution of land reform policies and theparty’s power into rural penetration,and also laid the foundation forthe communist party of China taking and constructing regime.Fromthe point of carding the research status,the current studies of peasantassociation during the land reform of1946-1949period are relativelyweak,needing synthesize a variety of composite historical materialsto increase the study of peasant associations in this stage.This articleuses the literature method,referring the related files and refer to otherdocuments,in order to restore the most out of the history in flurry.In content, this article mainly divides into four parts:The first part is to simply combing the evolution of peasantassociations before the land reform movement. In the late QingDynasty and the early Republic of China peasant associationsappeared in China.From the first peasant organizations--the ShanghaiAgricultural Association,to the peasant associations at all levelshosted by official at that time,Peasant associations established fromtop to bottom in the calls and efforts of People with loftyideals.However, peasant association, whose members are mostlygentry class, additionally affected by the political unrest,hadn’tmobilized the underlying farmers and played a proper role.In theGreat Revolution,the peasantassociation really realized farmersmobilizing,All power belongs to the peasant associations,strike downthe local tyrants and evil gentry.But some extreme practices of peasant association and the influence of the rapid expansion of thecommunist party incurred the wrath of the Kuomintang rightwingforces.In1927after the breakdown between the Kuomintang andCommunist,the KMT carried the purge in large-scale and peasantassociation also had been severely purged.Becoming the ruling party,the KMT in1928, began to reconstruct peasant associations to makeit serve the regime construction.But out of fear for the poor peasantsuprising leaded by Chinese communist party,the reconstructedpeasant associations have faded its revolution color, the KMT givenits more economic development functions;at the same time, thecommunist party in the Soviet area has also set up peasantorganizations, even the poor peasants, to carry out the agrarianrevolution.After the breakup of Resistance War against Japan, theKMT stay more at the text level on construction of peasantassociations, there is not much actual content, meanwhile thecommunist party of anti-japanese base areas behind enemy lineswould establish peasant association for anti-Japanese nationalsalvation extensively, mobilize peasants to carry out the Rent andInterest Reduction during the Resistance War against Japan。The main content of this article are the second,the third and thefourth parts.After the victory of Anti-Japanese War,most liberatedareas founded peasant associations.Some peasant associationsevolved from peasant association for anti-Japanese nationalsalvation.Others were established in the antitraitor movement.Thereare many problems such as closed-door tactics,uneven distribution ofproperty in the development of peasant association.The reason is thatfarmers were influenced by the theory of class struggle and pursuedinterests.Therefore most liberated areas began to reorganize peasant associations. Most liberated areas founded poor peasant leagues tocarry out the Outline Land Law of China afrer the national landconference of1947.However,serious "left" errors arised.Soon theCentral Committee of CPC were conscious of those "left" errors andtook resolute measures to stop "left" errors.Old liberated areas beganto establish new peasant association in order to unite with the middlepeasants.By1949, with the end of the land reform many old liberatedareas dismissed peasant association.In the process of land reformpeasant association played a huge role such as organizing landreform,participating in Party Rectification Movement,joinning thearmy,mutual aid,transforming social traditions,developingagriculture and so on.To a certain extent peasant association becameregime and it led other mass organizations.Without peasant association land reform policy cann’t becarried out very well.In view of the peasant associations we canobserve the activities of people and how things develop and revealhistorical complexity.Land reform is called revolution.The goal ofthis revolution is not only to get rid of the visible power of landlordbut also the invisible power which refers to slavish thoughts hiddenin the hearts of peasants.