Stowing Ping Reform Research

Stolypin Reform was carried out in the background of dealing with the growing crisis of nationalities and revolution, which originally intended to introduce the reform in state system in order to change Russia from the absolute monarchy to the constitutional one, and then to achieve comprehensive development of capitalist and to realize transition into modern society. However, the Reform failed eventually due to various factors. But Stolypin reforms extensive and profound, Stolypin Reform played a very important role in the modern history of Russia. Due to space limitations and research capabilities, This paper analyses and examines the issues regarding to the agricultural reform in the period of Stolypin Reform.Starting from describing specifically the background of Russia Modernization, this paper, from the perspective of universality and particularity of modernization (namely world time and historical time), discusses the circumstances and process of Stolypin Reform so as to summarize impacts of Russia modernization and reasons for collapse of the Reform. It introduces the purpose and significance of this topic, and then displays the domestic and foreign literature review in detail with respect to the Stolypin Reform. Meanwhile, it states clearly the approaches and structure of this research. Chapter I describe the peasant economy, differentiation status, and changes of social class after the Serfdom Reform in1861, which reveals tortuous path to modernize in Russia caused by the incomplete Reform. Chapter Ⅱ discusses how Stolypin’s ideas in agricultural reform formed. and it claims that the content of the reform、process and conditions. Chapter Ⅲ analyzes the reasons for the failure of Reform with considerations of the international and domestic political situation, The parties mutually contradictory ideas, Nicola II’s attitude, agricultural community tradition, the farmer social stratum and result of immigration policy. The last chapter analyzes positive and negative effects on modernization brought by Stolypin Reform in terms of community development, immigration conditions and farmers’status. It argues that Stolypin Reform is an inevitable trend in Russian modernization, which is also necessary stage for industrial society. Nevertheless, under the leadership of the Tsarist regime and in the opposition of all parties, the Reform cannot avoid a deadlock of transformation of society. Only by the sword of revolution can this lock finally be cut off, Thus affecting the modern path choices of Bolshevik leadership.