Public Spirit, Virtue And Political Consciousness

n this paper,"The Analects"," Gentlemen do not control" chapter starting from the interpretation of some of the issues discussed in the early history of Confucian political thought. For the " gentleman does not control", the paper mainly from the following three aspects to understand. These three aspects are based on analysis of " control" meaning or feature-based. First, the device, utensils, appliances, is herself not active, something was dominated use. And as " appliances ", must be used to generate efficacy or usufruct, that is, to "useful." Therefore," device" and effect, with benefits related. In this regard, this paper will be "no control" as " public spirit", that person must be a gentleman of Political Affairs for the life orientation to the political sphere is active in the field, better than the private life of public affairs are not subject to a positive attitude action, engaged in political indoctrination. And can not meet in private life, or to focus on the creation of usufruct production activities. Second, is there an appropriate use. Each "unit" has its own specific purpose, used as a specific activity. Therefore, the "no control", is to ask who the gentleman can not be faked one or more skills, only qualified for the specific transaction. For the gentleman, the moral must take precedence over artistry and skill to manage virtue. Virtue here, in ancient Chinese society has deep roots,"Book ""Book of Songs " and other classics have a respect for virtue. And ancient and modern moral virtues differ mainly refers to an ancient virtues to better behavior as a symbol of holistic gentleman accomplishment. Third, is used as utensils, anyone can make use of them. Therefore, the "control" feature can be understood as neutrality is no political stance."No device" containing one expert spirit of modern criticism Gentlemen must have their own political positions and political judgment, in order to assume political responsibility, not unprincipled to serve any political force. Gentlemen must be politicians, rather than bureaucrats or small staff. Politicians in order to achieve their own political values and positions of moving target, and career bureaucrats to engage in their daily work to maintain life.The paper is first analyzed Zichan kill Dengxi events. As one of the famous gentlemen’s late spring, the family of the child producedanalysis of Deng hit, not an accidental event. Dengxi as ancient documented the first" litigation expert", was opposed to the Confucian gentleman, this symbolic history of ideas. Dengxi behavior-anyone with skills to serve as a kind of business activity-with a strong " control " features. YOU Shi Warring States also have this characteristic appears. Therefore, this paper first discusses the characteristics analysis and YOU Shi Deng behavior, and these features suggests zeitgeist. This spirit of the times, including as a way to make a living in politics to serve in any force skills, such as the lack of value judgments. It is the gentleman with the political collapse of the Zhou Dynasty and more mature phase accompanied by the emergence of bureaucracy. Zichan struggle with Deng analysis, suggesting that early Confucianism against such behavior, but also against such a " device" is characterized by the spirit of the times. From the early struggles of Confucian opposition Dengxi and YOU Shi, we can find something opposed by Confucianism, it can be found in the Confucian political ideals advocated. This struggle, the awareness of the problem can be summarized as Confucian public mental problems, value relativism, political as technical problems, then we initially discovered early Confucian political thought some of the important content-public spirit, moral and political consciousness. These can be summarized as " a gentleman does not control."Two chapters back, we were discussing "gentlemen do not " on how to reflect public spirit and "gentlemen do not " on how to embody moral and political consciousness. Public spirit, that in public life, political life is better than the private life of the spirit, refers to positive action to participate in political affairs, in order to achieve a gentleman’s official cultivate oneself Dorians. This system of political ethics and national wild Zhou Dynasty, then the system is characterized by rural social structures are closely related. Therefore, the need from political status and political influence people, the gentleman responsible for duties as rulers, people in the Zhou Dynasty’s political life to understand several aspects of public spirit as a gentleman. Gentleman refers holistic moral cultivation and tolerance, and good performance of the external behavior. From the descendants of commentaries and ethics chapter of the gentleman does not control both the Spring and Autumn Period to understand "no " on the moral issue. Political awareness, consciously refers to the different positions of the political society and value conflict and political position of the stick. In simple terms, the "political consciousness" is aware of the political world, there is not inevitably a political stance and therefore inevitably have to make a choice. Chi professional activities who are not concerned about politics stand."Gentlemen do not control " over the skills to be a gentleman who must have the political awareness not only have lost the art of political judgment and adhere to the position, and should take positive action to assume political responsibility to the political way (with stand, non-neutral) life, and can not serve any unprincipled political forces.