The Role And Effect Of Government In Promoting The Income Of Peasant

The "Three Nong problems" is a series of issues about the peasantry, agriculture and the countryside (whose pronunciation in Chinese all begins with "nong")which are tied together with the agriculture as the link .'The subject of the problem is the peasantry and the countryside is the district concerned with the problem. The peasantry's income is the core of the "Three Nong Problems."The formation and exacerbation of the arduous "Three Nong problems" have close relation with the dual economic configuration in China. The historical inertia and the delayed transformation of the dual economic configuration lead to serious outcomes that the power of agriculture to self-accumulate and self-develop is continuously weakened, the transfer of surplus labor to other industries is not ideal and agricultural productivity advances slowly in a long period. As a result of this the increase of the peasantry's income is seriously impaired.In recent years, there is a recovering increase in the peasantry' s income and it is only recovering increase which has a weak basement. Some long-term and essential factors which restrict the peasantry's income increase are still exist. So systematic analysis of these factors is evidently the basic prerequisite to increase the peasantry's income and then solve the "three Nong Problems".Peasantry's income is not a problem only of agriculture and the countryside, it also has close relationship with our country's national economy construction and system whose effect is reflected from its restricting function on every production factors. Firstly, because of the dual economic structure in town and country the peasantry can't enjoy equal rights in employment ,social security and payment system as urban population;Secondly, the inclination to urban of government's act restricts the increase of peasantry' s income;Thirdly, the market mechanism can't meet the needs of the development of the countryside and the peasantry.There are certainly some economic roots of the factors which hamper the peasantry's income increase .Concretely;the agriculture is confronted with natural risks and artificial reduction to its profit which make it a weak industry in the end. Our country lacks in land and has a superfluous population. It is rather difficult to transfer surplus labor to other industries. These are roots in resource aspect which hamper the peasantry's income increase. The restrictive factors related to the market is the weak competitive power of agriculture and low organizational extant andsocialization extant.Thus it can be seen that the peasantry's income is not simply a problem of the peasantry, so we must consider it in the long term of the development of our country. To solve the problem we must take measures at all aspects such as policies, economic systems and industries constructions and accelerate the peasantry's income increase through as many channels as possible. First of all, we should deepen political and economic reform in the countryside and make the reform concentrated on the system innovation-, Secondly, we should strengthen the self-development power of the peasant and agriculture;Thirdly, we must plan the development of city and the countryside as a whole and take a new industrialization and urbanization way to transfer agricultural surplus labor more successfully. These will be the prerequisites to guarantee the peasantry's sustained income increase and the long-term boom of the countryside and agriculture.