Studies On Taxonomy Of Genus Psathyrella From The Northeast Of China

The paper summarized domestic and foreign taxonomic research and economic value ofPsathyrella.The taxonomy and molecular biology of Psathyrella from the northeast of Chinawere studied in this thesis, though molecular biology methods discussed and tested the result ofmorphology.Though examining macro and micro characteristics of the119specimens being depositedin Mycological Herbarium of Mycological Institute of Jilin Agriculture University (HMJAU),among which53specimens were collected by the author.Though examining the macro andmicro characteristics of the specimens,21taxa were described, micro-characteristic were drawn.The key to species of the genus was also provided. Among the21taxa described,7taxa wereknown,7taxa were new to China: Psathyrella pygmaea (Bull.) Singer, Psathyrella kauffmaniiA.H. Sm., Psathyrella olympiana A.H. Sm., Psathyrella senex (Peck) A.H. Sm., Psathyrellasphagnicola (Maire) J. Favre, Psathyrella spintrigeroides P.D. Orton, Psathyrella typhae(Kalchbr.) A. Pearson&Dennis.4taxa were new to Jilin Province: Psathyrella hispida Heinem.,Psathyrella longipes (Peck) A.H. Sm., Psathyrella spadicea (Schaeff.) Singer, Psathyrellaspadiceogrisea (Schaeff.) Maire. Psathyrella velutina (Pers.) Singer were placed in Psathyrella.The ITS sequences of every species were analysis and phylogenetic tree was constructed bymaximum likelihood. The result showed:the10sequences were compared with the similarsequences download from the Internet,the similarity was99﹪,test the veracity of the result ofmorphology.The species included sect. Spadicea were not in one clade,but segregated intodifferent clades, the taxonomic status of the species included in this section needs advancedstudy. Combine the results of molecular biology with morphology, supported the view thatPsathyrella velutina (Pers.) Singer should be out of the Psathyrella.The basidiospores and cystidia of Psathyrella species were studied by SEM. The resultshowed:the spore walls of some species were smooth under the optical microscope,but under thescanning electron microscope were rough,they are Psathyrella candolleana (Fr.) Maire,Psathyrella obtusata (Pers.) A.H. Sm., Psathyrella piluliformis (Bull.) P.D. Orton, Psathyrellahispida Heinem., Psathyrella longipes (Peck) A.H. Sm., Psathyrella typhae (Kalchbr.) A.Pearson&Dennis, Psathyrella sphagnicola (Maire) J. Favre.