| The traditional scenic area planning in our country mainly depended on professional skills and work experience of planning staff, and the results had some disadvantages, such as empiricism, subjectivity and poor science. With the speeding up of scenic spots development in China, the total number of scenic spots increased sharply, and people pursued of faster and better development of the scenic spots blind. Due to excessive development and construction, some scenic spots were faced to destructive development. Because of invasion phenomenon of foreign culture and species, ecological environments of some scenic spots suffered from serious destructions. How to plan scenic spots scientifically and balance the relationship between economic development and ecological environmental protection were important problems in the process of scenic spots planning. As an emerging technology, Geographic Information System played an important role in the process of scenic spots planning with its powerful data storage and spatial analysis ability. The advantages about GIS applied in scenic spots planning had the following three aspects: GIS spatial analysis could reduce the subjectivity of traditional planning work, improve planning efficiency, and provide the integration of planning management and analytical platform, lastly GIS could bring about the integrity for the city planning.Combining with the status quo of Chinese scenic spots planning, following the principle of ecological environmental planning, this paper discussed the application of GIS spatial analysis technology in the scenic area planning, and used the Longwei Mountain planning as example. In this planning we focused on two aspects as regional ecological environmental protection and tourists’ experiences to analysis planning questions faced in scenic spots planning, and aimed to solve some disadvantages existing in traditional scenic spots planning, meanwhile demonstrateed GIS spatial analysis technology as auxiliary role of regional planning to make the planning results more scientific and reasonable.Referring to the relevant references and considering environmental requirement of scenic spots, this article used GIS to analyze four aspects——the construction land suitability evaluation, regional building height control, biological safety pattern establishment and tour line design to discuss the application of GIS spatial analysis technology in scenic spots planning and put forward homologous methods, last its specific research and relevant conclusions were as follows:1) Combining with the planning specification of scenic areas and the related documents, the paper used multi-factor weighted superposition method to evaluate the construction land suitability in Longwei Mountain, and it integrated with the special factors such as nature, society and economy, ecological security, special areas protection and the visual effects. Depended on the calculating results, we divided the study area into three levels about preferential constructional area, ecological buffering area and the basic controlling area, and respectively account for 28.23%,18.97%, 52.79% of the all study area. Meanwhile according to the spatial distribution of three levels, we could see that 95% of landscape resources in Longwei Mountain distributed in the basic controlling area, so we could protect the scenic spots’ ecological environments effectively.2) According to the viewpoint selection principle, we chose 57 viewpoints in the study area, and used overlooking control method to establish building height control network. Meanwhile we took the building height in the basic controlling area to zero meter. Lastly building height in this study area was divided into six parts such as zero meter,0-10 meter,10-20 meter,20-30 meter,30-50 meter,50-70 meter, and they respectively accounted for 54.34%,6.28%,10.45%,11.29%,16.90%,0.73% of the study area. In the specific project implementation, using this control network to guide the building height could protect Longwei Mountain’s view corridor.3) Through comprehensive analysis of the construction land suitability evaluation results and the building height control results, we could see areas that building height were zero meter are much than the basic controlling area, so we could gain conclusion that some appropriate construction areas in study zone were not satisfied the needs of overlooking control conditions, construction activities in this region could interfere the visual experience for tourists about the mountain landscape effect.4) This paper chose big egrets and ring-necked pheasants as focal species, used GIS overlay analysis to determine the biological habitat’ "source", and last accorded to the minimum cumulative resistance method to establish biological security pattern of diffusion process, and divided into low, middle, high and top high security patter. Construction should avoid low security patter area;5) Using slope, aspect landscape visual sensitivity, scenic spots protecting radius and land use type as tour line design impact factor in scenic spot established the cost evaluation system. Cost distance was used to calculate the cost value of distribution of the scenic spot tour line, last we calculated tour line comprehensive distribution in scenic spots based on the shortest path method. This method was more scientific, reasonable and objective than the traditional path planning method, and the tour line design results could satisfy the environment, ecology, sightseeing and economic and other requirements in many ways. |
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