Influencing Factors Of The Time Budget And Daily Rhythm Of Wintering Hooded Cranes In Poyang Lake

From November of 2013 to March of 2014, we used instantaneous scanning sampling method to observe the wintering behavior of Hooded crane wintering in the Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve, and we analyzed the effect of age, family size, habitat, weather and wintering period on the wintering behavior of Hooded crane. The results showed that the main behavior types of wintering Hooded Crane included feeding, vigilance, locomotion, grooming, resting, and fighting. Hooded cranes spent 69.38% of its daily time in feeding, 23.49% in vigilance, 4.89% in grooming, 1.21% in locomotion, 0.99% in resting, and 0.02%in fighting. Hooded crane significantly showed a daily rhythm in feeding, vigilance, grooming and locomotion, but no significant rhythm in fighting and resting behaviors. As to the feeding, vigilance and grooming behaviors, there was several peaks in every day morning and afternoon respectively, While resting behavioral presented a peak in the beginning of the day, locomotion behavioral presented a peak in the last of the day.The daily time budget of wintering Hooded cranes was significantly influenced by age, family size, weather, habitat and wintering period. The juveniles used significantly more time in feeding and less time in vigilance than the adults; Adults crane in family spent significantly less time in feeding, significantly more time in vigilance, and significantly more time in grooming than the adults in a family which has more juveniles; In sunny days, Hooded crane spent significantly less time in vigilance and more time in feeding than that in cloudy days; There was no significant difference between the time investment in feeding and vigilance of Hooded crane in grassland habitat and on the mudflat habitat, but significant difference in resting; Hooded crane spent significantly less time in feeding in pre-winter than mid-winter and late winter. The GLM analysis results revealed that there was no significant interaction effect between age and habitat, age and weather, age and wintering period, family size and weather, family size and habitat, weather and habitat but age and family size on the daily time budget of Hooded crane.