Fair Evaluation And Optimization Of Water Pollutants Distribution Of Chongqing City

With the rapid development of urbanization, the water environment problems havebecome the bottleneck of restricting the social and economic development, waterpollution prevention and control work is particularly important. At present, Pollutantstotal amount control system is an important mean to curb pollution trend，improve theenvironment quality，realize social and economic sustainable development for ourcountry, it has made significant achievements in pollution prevention. The core of totalamount control is the reasonable distribution of pollutants total amount，and the fairnessshould be the first principles in distribution to be followed. The existing total amountdistribution method in our country is based on the status quo of pollutants emission indifferent regions. This way not only makes the fairness of "starting point” in totalamount distribution the lack of consideration, and the distribution results can not satisfythe transformation of city function structure and the mode of development.Therefore,setting a quantifiable fairness evaluation system evaluate the fair of theexisting allocation scheme, and combined with the city development model, making theoptimal scheme can reflect the fairness of social economy and environment in thecompletion of recognition and matching, which is especially important.This research evaluated the fairness of total amount of water pollutants distributionscheme in Chongqing’s "twelfth five-year" plan by building environmental Ginicoefficient and environmental Theil coefficient fair evaluation system，based on theevaluation results, combined with development pattern in Chongqing to optimize thetotal amount of water pollutants distribution plan. The results showed that:1）Using environmental Gini coefficient evaluation system to evaluate the fairness oftotal amount of water pollutants distribution scheme in Chongqing’s "twelfth five-year"plan，starting from the socio-economic development fairness departure, calculating thepopulation-based Gini coefficient values of COD and NH3-N were0.1902and0.2024，the GDP-based Gini coefficient values were0.4150and0.2709. This contributed to therealization planning of different function areas combined with "five functional areas"development pattern in Chongqing. Starting from the environmental resources fairness,calculating the water resource-based Gini coefficient values of COD and NH3-N were0.6753and0.7179, which presented highly unfair status quo，combined with "fivefunctional areas" development pattern，those counties which were bearing high pressurefrom water environment in "urban functional core area and development zone" and "new city development zone" should cut down theamount of water pollutants，so as toimprove the water environment quality.2）Starting from the economic level，the strength of economic resources andenvironment pressure,using environmental Theil coefficient evaluation system tocalculate the contribution of the three influence factors of fair，and found out the mainreasons of total pollutant load allocation effects of unfairness, the main reasons were thestrength of economic resources and environment pressure. The above work couldprovide direction and basis for further optimization.3）In the process of optimization, in view of the equity evaluation results,combined with "five major functional areas" development pattern in Chongqing, usingstatistical analysis software SPSS to determine the areas which need optimization, thenoptimizing the allocation of the original plan by using linear programming incombination with the Gini coefficient method.Compared with the original plan，optimization results showed that the COD and NH3-N’s allocation amount of "urbanfunctional core area and development zone" have reduced3055tons and658tonsrespectively, amplitude of variation was-5.2%and-4.7%.The COD and NH3-N’sallocation amount of "new city development zone" increase of1039tons and354tonsrespectively, amplitude of variation was0.6%and1.8%. The COD’s allocation amountof " ecological conservation development area in Chongqing northeast "and“ecological reserve in Chongqing southeast" have increased1017tons and1017tonsrespectively after optimizing，amplitude of variation was0.8%and3.5%，NH3-N’sallocation amount has increased154tons and150tons respectively，amplitude ofvariation was1.2%and3.5%.The optimization scheme can not only fit the differencesof regional population, economy and environment, realize the positioning of "five bigfunctions"，but also can balance and improve the contradictory relationship betweenregional economy and environment resource constrained，it also helps to complete thepollutants emissions reduction targets better and then narrow the gap between regions.The research results can provide a new idea of total pollutants load allocation,provide certain reference value for the study of total amount allocation technology ofpollutants. It also can provide optimization method and direction for "thirteenfive-year" plan.