Effect Of Micron/Nano Patterning On Surface Properties Of Titanium

Titanium is an attractive dental restorative material due to the excellentbiocompatibility, good out looking and low cost. However, inferior bonding of the bondingstrength in titanium-porcelain systems compared to the conventional metal-porcelainsystems is still a major problem for its application. In this research, simple anodizationprocesses were employed to create nanoscale oxide layer on pure titanium surface tosimultaneously improve its wettability, roughness, and corrosion resistance. Consequently,the effect of anodization processes on the corrosion durability of the bonding strength wasalso investigated.The main factor of influencing the micron patterns on titanium is pretreatment. Mixedacid, HF acid and NH4F was used to pretreat the titanium material, respectively. Thetitanium specimens which pretreated by mixed acid has best corrosion resistance andwettability, while highest roughness was obtained by40%HF acid pretreatment. Increasingthe pretreatment time can get regular micron ridge pattern, better wettability and higherroughness on Titanium.Increasing the concentration of the pretreatment acid can get better wettability, bettercorrosion resistance and higher roughness. The main factor of influencing the nanoscalepatterns on titanium is anodization parameters, such as oxidation time, anodizing potentialand electrolyte.To some extent, enhancing anodizing potential can improve the corrosion resistanceof titanium. Increasing the oxidation time, the diameter and depth of the nano-pores on thetitanium will be lager, and the oxide layer on titanium will be thicker, which led to theimproved corrosion resistance and roughness of titanium. Using0.5%HF as electrolyte canget the best corrosion resistance of titanium material, while NaF as electrolyte can get bestwettability. Using0.5%HF as electrolyte, oxidation time as30minutes, anodizing potentialas20V and NaF as electrolyte, oxidation time as30minutes, anodizing potential as20Vcan both get TiO2nano tube, respectively.With the adding of porosity the elastic moduli and hardness of titanium decreased.The average hardness values and Young’s modulus of the anodized Ti surface weresignificantly lower than the corresponding values of as-polished Ti. The elastic moduli ofthe40%HF pretreated group is slightly larger than those of the premolar and canine, whilethe moduli of the group with nano-tube fell in between those of the premolar and canine. It indicated that anodic oxidation might be applicated on titanium used for the dental plantingmaterial.Surface textuing and anodization processes can improve the Titanium-porcelainbonding strength. The anodization processes enhanced the corrosion resistance of titaniumand corrosion durability Ti-porcelain bonding strength. The increased corrosion durabilitywill help to increase the life-span of the Titanium-porcelain prosthesis.