Groundwater Vulnerability And Health Risk Assessment In Yinchuan Beijiao Water Resource

As irreplaceable natural resources for human living, water resources are people’smaterial basis and strategic resources for sustainable development of national economy. Therapid development of China’s economy results in overuse of water. And the increasedemission pollutants of industrial "three wastes", municipal solid waste, pesticides andfertilizers bring about a series of pollution issues, among which water pollution stands outgradually. Recently, it is common that drinking water quality dose not reach the standarddue to water sources were polluted. The increased sudden pollution accidents of watersources have a large impact on society and economy. Moreover, they threaten the health andlife of residents.Groundwater vulnerability is a reflection of sensitivity and resistance to pollute. Basedon familiarity with hydrogeological condition of Yinchuan, seven indexes which influencegroundwater vulnerability of study area heavily were chosen refering to DRASTIC model.Analytic hierarchy process was used to obtain weighted values of indexes. DRASTIC index(DI) was calculated by iterating indexes on GIS platform. Finally, groundwater vulnerabilitymap of Yinchuan Beijiao water resource and its surrounding area was drawn. The resultsshow that Beijiao water resource is located in higher risk area and Baota Fine Chemical CO.,LTD which near water resource is located in highest risk area. So it is crucial important toensure drinking water security. The groundwater vulnerability map can give assistance forprotection and management of Beijiao water resource. It is valuable tool for site selection ofactivities and factories which tend to pollute groundwater.Health risk assessment adopted method developed by United States National Academyof Sciences. It includes four steps namely hazard identification, toxicity assessment,exposure assessment and risk characterization. Groundwater health risks of adults andchildren were assessed in the study area. The results show that carcinogenic risk is not existin the study area. However, adult non-carcinogenic hazard indexes of five water samplesexceeded the acceptable level. The groundwater in these areas jeopardizes adult health. In addition, groundwater in most study area is hazardous to children’s health. Health riskassessment associates groundwater pollution with human health. It provides a basis for riskmanagement and pollution control. Groundwater vulnerability assessment and health riskassessment are bases for protection and management of Beijiao water resource. They haveimportant significance in sustainable development of economy and environment ofYinchuan.