The Study Of The Separation And Properties Of Hexyl-glucoside

Alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) represent a new class of green nonionic surfactants which are synthesized with the reaction of glucose with long chain fatty alcohols in an acid catalysis. All the raw materials were obtained from renewable resources. With the peculiar properties and good biodegradability, they could be used in cosmetic preparations, cleaning products, food technology, and so on. Due to the different degree of polymerizations (n) as well as the saturated and unsaturated alkyl chain, linear and nonlinear carbon chains and various isomers of glucose, the separation of APG is relatively difficult.Various methods have been used to analyze and separate the composition of APG-1214. However, in the case of hexyl-glucoside, a relevant short chain APG, the components of it are still less understood. In the thesis, the APG-06was separated by a thin layer chromatography (TLC). And the polymerizations of each component have been calculated according to the results of1H nuclear magnetic resonance (’HNMR) measurement. It showed that with the mobile phase of V(CHC13):V(CH3CH2OH):V(NH3OH)=9.5:6.5:0.5, the APG-06could be separated into five parts including unreacted alcohol, monoglucoside, diglucoside triglucoside and polyglucoside. The unreacted alcohol was located in the first part of the TLC, and then the monoglucoside was in the second group of TLC spots. The diglucoside was on the third group and the triglucoside was on the forth one. Finally, the fifth group was the polyglucoside.The performances of APG with different carbon chain lengths (APG-06, APG-0810, APG-1214) were investigated with different water hardness and different temperatures. It have been found that with the carbon chains increasing, the critical micelle concentration (cmc) decreased; the surface tension at the cmc (γcmc) of APG-06increased slightly with the temperature increasing; in hard water, the cmc of APGs decreased but the alkaline earth ions in the solution had almost no influence on γcmc APG-0810showed a good wetting ability; the emulsifying ability of the APGs increased with the increasing of carbon chains and water hardness. All of the three APGs performed well for the foaming capacity in both deionized and hard water. They showed a poor detergency for albumenized soil swatches. However, the detergence of APG-0810for artificial sebum soils was better than this of the standard detergent powder.