The Study On Preparation And Characterization Of Molasses-based Carbons

There are renewable resources and non-renewable resources on earth, the energyresources can be stored. Such as coal, natural asphalt, oil shale, crude oil, natural gasand super heavy oil and other non-renewable resources; Solar, biomass, wind andtidal power and other renewable resources. With the rapid development of globalindustry, a large number of fossil resources were consumed continuously, caused theshortage of resources. The harmful gas such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxideemissions pollute the environment seriously. So we are looking for new canreasonable use of energy to replace non-renewable resources.Biomass, is a renewable resource, is a carbon source, such as agriculture, forestryand domestic wastes etc. Biomass can be used as the carbon materials of rawmaterials. Biomass as a renewable resource, can be converted into solid, liquid andgas fuel, the preparation of a series of fuel instead of fossil resources and chemicalproducts.Based on the above background, this thesis by biomass of beet molasses as rawmaterial, by hydrothermal synthesis method of preparation of carbon materials, and itsperformance were studied:1. Beet molasses as raw material, molasses hydrochar was synthesized byhydrothermal synthesis method, discussed the temperature, time, concentration ofmolasses on the influence of hydrochar yield.By EDX and element analysis of the product found that after hydrothermalcarbonization, the content of the elements of the original molasses was reduced, suchas Na, Mg, Al, S, Cl, Ca etc, and the C content increased. By means of SEM, XRDand FTIR analysis found that molasses-based hydrochar particle size is larger,morphology of hydrochar is spherical, and has the certain trend of graphitization, andthe surface with a large number of organic functional groups (O-H, C-H, C=O and C=C).2. In the test preparation of molasses-based hydrochar as raw material, KOH asactivator, high surface area and spherical activated carbon were synthesized. Theeffect of temperature, time, activation ratio on the yield of the activated carbon hadbeen discussed, and the effect of the activation conditions on the microstructure andsurface properties of activated carbon had been examined. Molasses activated carbonhas a good capacitive performance, the effect of the activation conditions on thespecific capacitance of activated carbon had been discussed, molasses activatedcarbon maximum specific capacitance value of170.5F g-1.3. With the molasses-based hydrochar as raw material, H3PO4as activator,synthesized high yield and layered, amorphous structure of activated carbon. Theeffect of activation temperature, time, impregnation ratio on the yield of the activatedcarbon and microstructure and surface properties of activated carbon had beendiscussed. Also on different condition of activated carbon on the electrochemicalproperties of the test, the phosphorus acid activation of molasses based activatedcarbon prepared to get specific capacitance value is137.0F g-1.This thesis beet molasses as raw material was prepared by hydrothermal carbon,discusses the yield of hydrochar, and through the physical and chemicalcharacterization methods to characterize the structure and morphology of hydrochar.Activated carbon was synthesized from molasses-based hydrochar, the molassesactivated carbon yield was investigated, the activated carbon was characterized, and itwas studied by electrochemical testing, it has excellent electrochemical properties.Waste molasses was prepared through chemical modification can be with highperformance carbon materials, which can be applied in electrochemical aspects, cancreate enormous economic value, but also decrease the pollution of environment.