Research Of Closed Loop Supply Chain Based On Remanufacturability And Random Demand

In recent years, with the development of economy, environment is increasingly becoming important. As a result, the idea that recycling the wasted products to reuse is being taken into account. The companies, at the same time, are willing to take the responsibility of recycling the used products to remanufacture. In traditional logistics, to some extent, what we are always thinking is the process that products are moved from suppliers, remanufactures, retailers and finally to consumers, the reverse logistics, much to our pity, which can bring us benefits fail to be paid attention, that is to say, not only can recycling wasted objects improve economy, but also comes to effect of protecting environment.In this paper, a closed loop supply chain(CLSC) is formed by the use a combination of the forward and reverse logistics. Similarly, we consider three reverse channel formats:(1) manufacturer collecting used products directly from the customers, (2) manufacturer contracting the collection of used products to the retailers, (3) manufacturer contracting the collection of used products to a third party. The problem we research is about remanufacture, apparently, the problem of price discrimination can be brought about between a manufactured and a remanufactured product, the two different cases are partly researched in chapter three and four. In chapter three, a manufactured and a remanufactured product whose price is the same on the market which is in uncertain demand, in other words, there is no distinction between a remanufactured and a manufactured product and they can be sold in new product markets. The manufacturer, in the model of this chapter, has always been the Stackelberg leader, and the manufacturer make products according to the ordered quantity, so the market risk which is produced for the random demand is taken by the retailers, for the recycled products, to be different from the other papers, we don't think all of them can be reused. So remanufacturable percentage is supposed in this paper, the models we discuss are about nonlinear programming problem, it is difficult to solve it directly. So the use of simulation to the models and results can be obtained. The fourth chapter, however, mainly discuss the price difference between a manufactured and a remanufactured product. That is to say, any consumers are not willing to pay the same price for both of them. In this chapter, similarly, the manufacturer still acts as the Stackelberg leader, and the retailer faces market risk. In chapter five, the simulated results obtained in chapter three and four are compared and some conclusions have been gotten. Finally, we make a conclusion, outline the limitations of this work and possible directions for future research.In a word, the closed loop supply chain is in a new stage, most of papers in this field are involved in a manufacturer and two retailers and even market demand is certain, so there are many more questions which remain to be resolved for CLSC.