Study On The Rural Finance Between Supply And Demand

The rural finance is the important factor of promoting increasing peasant income and rural economy development, settlement that the defect that the present rural financial system existed has already restricted " 'Three Rural' Issues " seriously and continued rapid growth of social economy of our country, seem particularly urgent to construct a high-efficient rural financial system with perfect function.This text directs against two demand subjects of peasant households, rural enterprises, carry on the investigation to 426 peasant households of Gansu Province and 55 rural enterprises. Debit and credit sides of peasant household analyze, choose Gansu Province Jinchang city, Lanzhou city Gaolan county, Tianshui Gangu county and silver city Jingyuan county as the area of sample, regain 236 parts of valid questionnaire. Survey and study, find 72.34% peasant household have fund incorporate demand, 74.07% peasant household can choose various channel go borrowed money actively while lacking the money; The regular financial institution only has 30.08% to satisfy the intensity to the demands of peasant households. Peasant households are not government's small credit to choose the stable district NGO small credit model region of Dingxi, regain 200 parts of valid questionnaire together. Survey and study and find, have broken away from the design of initial poor peasant households in the target consumer chose, women have downward trends to participate in the rate; 70.83% of the peasant households think the loan value of single pen is spent low; 87.5% of the peasant households say to loan rate that approves of; In satisfaction, it is satisfied that 91.67% of the peasant households answer.The rural debit and credit sides of small and medium-sized enterprises analyze that has chosen 34 rural small and medium enterprises of 8 rural areas of districts and cities in Gansu Province, regain 38 parts of valid questionnaire together. Survey and study and find, the problem of rural lack of fund of small and medium-sized enterprises is serious, the satisfying rate of loan demand is half in insufficient 2005 unexpectedly in 2006, a situation of falling sharply appears wholly; The rural credit office and relatives and friends' borrowed money are two major main borrowed money channels of enterprise, proportion accounts for 23.65% and 31.12%, among them the regular borrowed money of financial institution only accounts for 50.31%. Agriculture leading enterprise financing analyze, choose Zhangye and potato, vegetables of Dingxi Prefecture process two 21 leading enterprises of industry. Survey and study and find, agriculture's leading enterprise's fund is in great demand, but can obtain about 40% that the total amount of fund only accounts for demand volume; More than 90% of the enterprise financing channels rely mainly on granting the loan in the financial institution; The loan procedure is miscellaneous; Enterprise's endogenous financing ability is insufficient, lack the financing channel in the source outside the pluralism.Through analyzing the rural loan data of financial institution in 2000-2008 of Gansu Province, find the rural financial supply in Gansu Province exists: Agricultural bank leading status in weaken, agricultural loan proportion drop to 3.84% for 2008 from 11.57% for 2000; Efficiency is low that the rural credit office supports agriculture, rural credit cooperatives low efficiency of agricultural loans from 2000 74.56% down to the 2008 57.23%; Agricultural grain, cotton and oil of development bank purchase loan account for whole more than 80% of loan balance, its function of policy-related finance is very limited; New rural financial institutions such as the postal saving, villages and small towns bank and small credit,etc. just launch, still have much uncertainty to develop oneself; Folk debit and credit sides have greater risks, the imperfect question of the agricultural insurance.On the foundation for needing to study, use experience and enlightenment in country's rural monetary systems such as U.S.A., Japan, South Korea, Bangladesh,etc. for reference, combine the policy recommendations that the national conditions of our country propose solving the rural financial problem at the same time: Advance the reform of the agricultural development bank; Strengthen supporting agriculture of Agricultural Bank of China and postal deposit bank; Deepen the reform of rural credit office; Set up people's cooperative finance, small fund and help each other in the society; Assure the way, set up rural finance to assure the organization in innovation; Advance the agricultural insurance, reduce the systemic risk.