The Empirical Research Of The Relationship Between Urbanization And Ecological Environment In Hunan Province

Urbanization is the inevitable way for the development of the national or regional economic, and is also an important landmark of the level of the economic development. However, the deepening process of the urbanization and industrialization, has also brought a lot of pressure to the ecological environment. Then, it is a serious problem to make a research on the interaction mechanism of urbanization and eco-environment and to explore effective ways to promote the coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment.This study uses the methods of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, statistical analysis and econometric analysis to make a deep study on the dynamic relationship between urbanization and the changes of industrial structure.Firstly, through reviewing the study at home and abroad, we find that most of researches focus on the study of the relationship between urbanization of population and the improvement of ecological and environmental quality, ignoring the multi-dimensional meaning of the urbanization and ecological environment. Even if there are some scholars who analysing the urbanization and ecological environment from different angles, qualitative analysis and static model analysis can not reflect the dynamic process in which the variables of ecological environment responding to the pulse, resulting from the urbanization.Secondly, based on the scentific definition of urbanization and ecological environment, we establish the target system of the urbanization and ecological environment in Hunan province, and compute the comprehensive evaluation index. Furthermore, the current situation of the urbanization and ecological environment is assessed. The results show that the comprehensive level of urbanization and ecological and environmental quality are developing stably. However, comprehensive level of urbanization also lags behind, and the mission of transfer of population and ecological environment is still very difficult.Finally, on the base of analysing the relationship between urbanization and evolution of industrial structure theoretically, we establish VAR model and make some dynamic econometric analysis of relationship between comprehensive level of urbanization and relevant index of ecological environment by combining cointegration analysis, impulse response analysis and variance decomposition analysis. The results show that the level of urbanization is a Granger cause of the integrated eco-environmental quality index, ecological environment pressure index, ecological environment state index and ecological environment response composite index, but it is not true on the contrary; and they also indicate the cointegration relationship among eco-environmental pressure index, ecological environment state index, ecological environment response composite index and ecological environment quality index. In the long term, on the one hand the comprehensive level of urbanization will increase pressures on the ecological environment, on the other hand, it will improve ecological environment state, ecological environment response state and the integrated eco-environmental quality, and its impact can explain forecast errors of industrial structure about 70%. It is thus clear that urbanization has a great impact on changing ecological environment in Hunan Province, and improves the eco-environmental quality on the whole .Therefore, we can make some policies and recommendations relevantly.