The Research On The Role Of Social Capital In The Shifts Of Rural Laborers

Since the twentieth century, the tools of analyzing the economics have got a full development. These analytic tools are becoming more and more perfect in the technique, but they could hardly explain the obvious differences between the economic level of different countries. In fact, these tools—especially tools used by new classical increase theory—could not explain why countries with similar natural sources and material capitals have a different growth rate and average income. From the twentieth century sixties on, the scholars and practical workers gradually realized that the qualities of laborers play a crucial role in evaluating the function of human capital on the economic growth and development. In the twentieth century eighties, new research focus was on the influence of interpersonal networks (micro level of social capital) and the function of the system(macro level of social capital). This played a decisive role in explaining the difference of economic development of different countries.The increase and development of rural economics are closely related to the open-up and reform and the construction of modernization. The Six Plenum of the 15th Communist Party Congress put forward the target of building new socialist rural areas, and three-agriculture becomes the utmost concern of our country. Both the theoretical studies and historical experiences at home and abroad illustrate that the fundamental way to solve the three-agriculture problem is to transfer the rural laborers to the third industry in the cities. Thus, how to boost the transfer of rural laborers to cities and even to realize the citizenization of all the farmers become the key points to boost the economic development and build a harmonious society. Our academic circles and all levels of government have made an exploration in this field and have got some theoretical achievements and practical experiences.