Comparative Study Of Rural Old-age Security At Home And Abroad

At present, our country faced with the population old age impact, inthese old people 70% life in the countryside, is opposite to the citysays, the countryside old age question and cares for the aged thequestion outstandingly. Today attenuates day by day which in thefamily safeguard and the land safeguard function, how practicallyeffectively solves the countryside senior citizen to care for the agedthe question, already was imminent.But, the Chinese present countryside old-age insurance system alsoexists "guarantees richly does not guarantee poorly", thedestituteness cannot the question which profits from the countrysideold-age insurance system, the present countryside old-age insurancesystem approaches in fact to the commercial issurance system, but itactually does not have the commercial insurance operation themechanism. On the one hand, farmer's low income level limits the farmer toparticipate in the countryside old-age insurance, truly needs theold-age insurance person not to be able to obtain effectivelysafeguards; On the other hand, the countryside society guarantees thefund continually year-end accounts settlement -odd, occupies divertsthe countryside society to guarantee the fund the situation sometimesoccurs. Therefore, the general farmers to participate in the society old-ageinsurance the enthusiasm not to be high. At the same time, because ofthe city and countryside structure dual influence, the city andcountryside economical disparity is bigger, causes to establish theperfect countryside in the short-term to care for the aged thesafeguard system, hoped realizes the cities and the countrysideold-age insurance system conformity policy mentality does not conformto the Chinese realistic national condition.This article uses the method which the standard analysis and the realdiagnosis analysis unifies, has analyzed with the Chinese nationalcondition close Asia, Africa, and Latin America developing nationcountryside old-age insurance system pattern, and through mutuallycontrasted, summarizes the countryside which the developing nationused to care for the aged the safeguard type, unified the Chinacurrent rural population multitudinous, also family safeguard and landsafeguard function day by day feeble, was urgent needs to solve caresfor the aged the question actual situation, proposed first establishedthe income supplement in the countryside which must paid expensesgenerally lowly cared for the aged the safeguard. Below this policy has the advantage: One, may unify the familysafeguard and the land safeguard brings for the impoverished old agefarmer effectively rescues; Two, may reduce its children family theeconomical pressure, is advantageous to its children home economicsdevelopment; Three, may effectively stimulate the countryside toexpend, brings the more work opportunity and the tertiary industrydevelopment turning point to the locality. On the one hand reduces thefarmer to bear, liberates farmer's productive forces; On the otherhand the coordinate country three agricultural policy, fully excavatesthe countryside the expense potential, the development domesticmarket. At the same time, because the farmer receives the level not to behigh, creates the farmer pension amount not to be high, also thissafeguard is the income supplement old-age insurance, but also maycover the original countryside old age rescue, therefore to the stateeconomy short-term pressure is not very big. Then, the countryside may the fuller development economy, enhance thefarmer to receive the level, simultaneously coordinates action and soon individual deposit old-age insurance plan, will establish thegenuine countryside old-age insurance system for the future, andfurther the conformity city and countryside old-age insurance systemwill build the solid foundation.