Property Rights Of Farmland And Sustainable Use Of Farmland

The system of the property rights plays a very important role in exerting people'senthusiasm and go-aheadism to protect and utilize the resources, promoting the resourcesoptimal configuration and enhancing the utilization efficiency. It is un-replaceable in thesustainable development. The safety of the farmland property rights is the foundation ofdeveloping agricultural productivity and implementing the farmland resources sustainableuse. The modernization of the agriculture and rural economy can not be fulfilled withoutthe well established and modernized farmland property rights.Farmer household is the most basic and direct unit in the county land utilization inChina. It is also the principal part in the realization of the county land sustainable use. Thepractices of the land use, investment and protection by the farmers directly affect thevariations of farmland quality and quantity. The productivity of farmland has closerelationship with the farmer's cultivation practices. Thus, the farmer's practices become theinternal factor of the county land sustainable use. They are the micro foundation of thecounty land sustainable use and the core for the fulfillment of county land sustainable use.The current farmland property rights in our country have some drawbacks. Forexample, the principal part of the property right, the allocation of landownership and landuse right are not clear; the functions of property rights are defective; and the property rightsare unstable. These problems make the farmers unable to be the real master of the land andthen lack of the motivation for the farmland sustainable use. The farmers' unconsideredpractices for the future farmland use affect the stable and sustaining development of theagriculture and rural economy.This paper takes farmland as the study case and discussed the farmland property rightsand farmland sustainable use as the following five parts. In the first part, we pointed out thebackgrounds and meanings of this study. At the beginning of the second part, we reviewed the basic principles about the property rights, sustainable development and farmer practices.Then we discussed the concept and components of farmland property rights, the concept offarmland sustainable use and the connotations of the farmland sustainable use. And at theend of the second part, we proposed the basic requirements in the property rights structurefor the farmland sustainable use. In the third part, we analyzed the history and existing stateof the farmland property rights in our country. Then we pointed out the effects of thecurrent farmland properties rights problems on the farmland sustainable use. For example,the principal part in collective land ownerships is unclear; the discretion of collectivefarmland is restricted; the contraction and management rights of the farmer are lack ofexclusions; the farmland is less exchangeable; and the farmland use and yield rights areeasily to be violated. In the forth part, we concretely analyzed the effects of currentfarmland property rights allocation on the farmer's sustainable land use practices from theaspects of investment, fertilizer utilization quantity, un—uniform management practices,and the obtaining of agricultural loan. In the last part, based on the above analysis, weproposed the suggestions on the expedition of the farmland sustainable use from the aspectsof farmland property rights allocation and correspondent coordinated sets of measures.