Reflecting On Measures Of How To Reduce The Disparities Of Residents' Income Between Town And Country

The urban and rural relation is always a basic problem in the course of China's modernization. Since the reform and opening up, along with the deep reform in the economic structure between city and countryside and the establishment of market-economy structure, the urban and rural economy has been developing rapidly and the residents'living standards also went up remarkably as well. On the whole, the people made a transformation from having only adequate food and clothing to leading a well-off society. But in the meantime, we should also recognize that there appeared a series of problems in the social income distribution. Income disparity especially the increasing expansion of the urban and rural income disparity has already been an unavoidable realistic problem in current society. Over expanded urban-rural income disparity will affect many aspects: the reform to carry on smoothly or not, the further development of economy, the stability of society and people's moral as well. Therefore, at the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it proposed a proper balance between economic and social development in city and countryside. The 3rd Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China also put the urban-rural balance between economic and social development as an important part in scientific concept of development placed at the 1st place of"the five balances". The Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China stressed to point out that it needs to build up a mechanism to the changing of the duration urban-rural structure. Consequently, the overall study of our current urban and rural residents'income disparity conditions and exploring the cause result in this phenomenon profoundly and improving the attitude towards the phenomenon and proposing ways to solve the problem has a great practical significance to formulate and implement the Party and the governments at all levers'policies and improve our economy's health development and ensure social stability and construct the new countryside and build a socialist harmonious society.The basic thought of the paper is: First of all, the author analyzed the current situation and the development trend of our urban and rural residents'income disparity in new period, and then explored the factors leading to urban and rural residents'income disparity. On the basis of correct understanding of the negative affection on our current urban and rural residents'income disparity and the over increasing gap, the paper investigated the measures adopted to solve the problem of our urban and rural income disparity. This paper provides a study of the urban and rural residents'income disparity in our new period in four parts.The first part mainly demonstrated the current situation and the development trend towards our urban and rural residents'income parity. At first, it analyzed the change, different level's distribution savings comparison, and the living standards of the urban and rural residents'income disparity. Second, it forecasts the trend towards our urban and rural gap: in the late 20 years, the development trend is hard to reverse abruptly. Our city economy will sustain high-speed development and our rural economy lacks of new growth point. According to the development trend of urban-rural economy, the urban and rural residents'income disparity will not be narrowed down abruptly in the recent years.The second part mainly analyzed the cause's leads to the urban and rural residents'income gap. The urban and rural residents'income gap is the considered as the first natural reason: the natural conditions are the basis of the difference between city and countryside; industrialized production methods are widening the city and countryside gaps increasingly; governments'enforceable administrative integration caused the city and countryside's segregation. Since the founding of the People's Republic, administrative order on prices of industrial and agricultural products widened the urban and rural residents'income gap. Besides the natural condition, there are the reasons of systems and policies: the different momentum of reform of economic structure in city and countryside leads to the different yield in urban and rural areas. The overall funds for assisting agriculture by public finance are on the low side and its relative low proportion affected the rural economic development. Credit aid in the countryside is severe deficient that also affected farmers on the increasing of incomes, mercerization of the economy and internationalization. The above factors made the gap between the city and the countryside widen.The third part mainly analyzed the characteristics, the optimum quality and the effect on social development. The characteristic of our urban and rural residents'income disparity is: The urban and rural residents'income disparity is of historic inevitability. The come mainstream of our city residents is reasonable. Whereas, the income of our rural residents is relatively low this can be said rather irrational. The income development trend in city and countryside has the identical characteristic. The optimum quality refers to the rationality of the income gap. To consider from the social stability and harmonious development standpoint, the optimum of the urban and rural income gap is the degree that the rural residents can burden and will not lead to the loss of balance in emotion. The current urban and rural income gap is still in the limit of optimum. The effect that the urban and rural residents income gap had on society are mainly like this: it will affect the countryside's entering the well-off society and the adjustment of industry structure and cause the relative surplus-supply of public products and lacking in economic stimulation. With the development of economy, especially the restructuring and upgrading of China's industry, several years later, the increasing expansion of the urban and rural residents'income gap will have negative effect on the economic development and social stability. Therefore, it is objective and necessary to balance the development in city and countryside.The forth part which mainly explores the measures taken to solve the problems of the urban and rural residents'income gap. According to the current situation of our urban and rural residents'income gap, trends and its degree of influence on the harmonious social construction, we should not emphasize the resolution of the urban and rural resident's gap on"restraining the rich, assisting the poor", but on the course of improving the common economic development in city and countryside. We should take corresponding measures and the government should play their role of macro regulation to advance deep reform and improve the economic development in the countryside and restrain the continuous growth of the urban and rural residents'income gap. The main measures are: the city supports the countryside; to balance the urban and rural development; to promote the urban future growth; to increase the rural residents'income; to control the rural population size; to improve the quality of the people; to strengthen the macro regulation; to formulate good operation mechanism.Under the correct leads hip of the Communist Party, by means of the efforts of the governments at all levels and the cooperation of the mass, we must be able to solve the difficult problem of the urban and rural residents'income appropriately and restrain the continue growth of the gap and avoid the negative effect brought about by this problem on our economy and society by taking active and effective policies and measures as well. We have confidence that we could establish a nice society characterized by the urban-rural balance development and people's constant rising living standards and the unit, harmonious lives in our urban and rural residents.