The Research On Gender Sensitive And Participatory In Popularizing Modern Agricultural Science And Technique

The key to agricultural development lies in advancing the agriculture technological revolution positively, and the key to the transformation from scientific and technical achievements to practical productivity mainly lies in scientific and technological promotion, along with which the agricultural scientific research, the agricultural education are called"Three Main Supports"of the agricultural development and are playing the pivotal role in the agricultural development. Here are three important key links in the agricultural science and technology promotion, namely rich technical source, smooth science and technology circulation channel and technical final acceptor-countryside men and women. With the rich technical source today, it is playing the most important role in the agricultural science and technology promotion to create smooth science and technology circulation channel and promote the technical quality of the audience of scientific and technological promotion-countryside men and women.Throughout history, the female, as the important family member, is not only the important food and clothing tenderer and the superintendent of the family but also the important driver of social development particularly agricultural social progress, which role has already been fully proved during the past thousands of years in society. Along with market economic development, the enhancement of agricultural mechanization, the agricultural scientific and technological progress, the gradual demand reduction of labor force from agriculture and the gradually enhanced quality, the gradual moving of masculine labor force into cities to be engaged in non-agricultural production, women are taking up higher proportion in agricultural production and women are playing a more and more important role in agricultural production, which leads to the obvious agricultural feminization tendency. But, at present the years of schooling, the technical quality as well as the science and technology expansion pattern of feminine labor force in our countryside does not meet the demands from the present socialism new rural reconstruction and the agriculture modernization advancement. Therefore, regardless of speeding up the new rural reconstruction advancement, raising the farmers'living standard, realizing the equality of sex, the social justice and the humanist scientific development concept, it is very important to improve feminine technical quality and overall quality.However, there are four universal problems in present agricultural technology promotion pattern: the seriously insufficient fund, the basic technical service of agricultural technology promotion system is unable to maintain in poor areas; the present agricultural technology service content and the way cannot satisfy the need of the impoverished, and the introduction of new species and methods are mainly traditional grain crops and aquiculture and poultry, the technical renewal and introduction of emerging species and cultivation ways are insufficient, which is unable to satisfy the need of the peasant household diversification; in the new technical research, development, experiment and promotion, the impoverished men and women have few chance to participate, their rich knowledge of aquiculture and poultry has not been taken into account, the technical localization and the compatible question of peasant household have not solved regarding new technical or the new variety, the new technology and variety have not brought more income and improved the living standard for the impoverished men and women; in using limited technical information training, service resources of poor area, the female is easier to be marginalized than the male, and in nearly all statistical data related to sex the female attain obviously fewer related information, training and service than the male, and this question is very prominent in different national minority. In technological promotion of planting, aquiculture and poultry, the reasons that the impoverished rural women are more relatively marginalized than male are: the existing technical service and extension service does not have social sex sensitivity in cognition; meanwhile they are also the social sex scotoma construction carrier. The seven concrete manifestations are as follows: first, we lack the true understanding regarding the reason for the low participation proportion of woman in agricultural technology training and service. Second, in the concept of community the productive labor appraisal of the male is higher than the female. Third, with the result of the existing division of labor pattern, women are undertaking more reproduction work, causing the female not to have the time and space to study new technologies. Fourth, the conventional agricultural technology promotion way mainly adopts on-the-spot meeting, peasant household demonstration, door-to-door service or retail sales department consults, which are not suitable for women to accept the new technology. Fifth, the peasant household demonstration is just"add fat to the fat", the poor household is unable to participate. Moreover the male are still the leader of the new technology acquisition and experiment in the entire demonstration promotion, and the female is still subordinate. Sixth, with the traditional training way and focus on experts'lectures, which affects the women to participate, accept and benefit. Seventh, fewer female in the dissemination of technology personnel, in some way influencing the result of female to accept the new technology.Through analyzing questions of traditional farming scientific and technological expansion pattern, using the literature search, on-the-spot investigation, establishing new promoted patterns and undergoing practice examination, this article proposes in promoting the countryside to the full and the comprehensive construction of affluent society, we need to popularize and strengthen social sex consciousness in the agriculture science and technology expansion policy, and stick to it fully in the entire agricultural technology promotion system, and then we would change existing content and the way of training and service, making it more convenient for the female to obtain the existing technical training and the service resources. Therefore women have the same opportunity with the male to be in the identical starting line, thus promoting the society better and more rapidly.