From The Breakage Of Monopoly To Acquired Hegemony

World modern oil industry originated in America, The massive oil production of America began in 1859, which was 23 years earlier than Russia, 49 years than Britain, and even 69 years than France. America had been the largest oil-producing and exporting country all along before World War II. America produced 2.66 billion barrels oil in 1914, which took 65℅ of world oil output. America has been satisfied with the domestic oil exploration ever since a long time ago, while paid little attention to the crude oil resource out of America. However, with the strength of America power, America government began to support the oil enterprisers to outward-expand for oil was regarded as strategic resource and its special position in the struggle for power, in the incitement of profits, America oil enterprisers turned their eyes to all over the world to seek for oil resource, one of the most important which is Gulf region.Gulf region where massive oil resource was found in the earlier of 20th century, placed in the strategic location of the intersection among Europe, Asia and Africa, which has been the battleground from the time immemorial. Since then, Gulf region began to have the dual meaning of energy and geopolitics. America and Britain had a fiercely combat revolve around oil resource from the dawn of 20th century to 1950s. this paper mainly examines three countries in gulf—Iraq, Saudi Arab and Iran together with three oil companies—Iraq oil company, Arabian-America oil company, Anglo-Iran oil Company, by which to probe the process that the America oil enterprisers acquired its predomination in the support of America government, so that it could show the rudimentary reason for the combat between America and Britain oil enterprisers, as well as certain rules that determined the evolved relation between America government and oil enterprisers.The paper is divided into three parts totally.Part one: the foothold of America oil enterprisers in Gulf region. By signature of Red Agreement, America broke the monopoly of Britain successfully, and entered Iraq, which made America gain a foothold in Gulf Region.Part two: the expansion of America oil enterprisers. For the sake of controlling strategic resource and setting up its superpower in the world, America broke Red Agreement and entered Saudi roundly which resulted in all square between America and Britain.Part three: the establishment of America oil supremacy. For the sake of cold war and seeking the supremacy of the world, America government toppled the government of Iran and took over the British oil position in Gulf region.