The Reform Of Taxation System In America Britain Japan Under The Background Of Economic Globalization And Its Reference

Since the mid 1980s, with economic globalization, the representatives of developed countries such as the United States of America, Britain and Japan has begun to implement momentous reform of taxation in their countries. A trend of reform with the character of"Reducing tax rates, Broadening tax base, Adjusting the structure of tax category, Simplifying the taxation and Strengthening levy administration"has been formed in the nowadays world. The general trend of reform of taxation system in developed countries is:Turning the income tax based system into reducing the income tax rate, and turning the more tax concessions in to less tax concessions; Conflating the level of tax and reducing the highest marginal tax rate, turning the high progressive tax system into tax ratio which is almost single; As to the principle of tax efficiency, turning economic efficiency based system into paying attention to both economic efficiency and tax efficiency; As to the implementation of the principle of taxation efficiency, what is the most significant are the transition from complex tax system to simplified tax system, and the calculation of taxable income which used to be complex now becoming easier.The improvement and reform of our nation's taxation should be placed under the background of global taxation reform, and we should learn the experience of success from western countries actively through unifying tax legislation, standardizing taxation base, adjusting tax rate and other measures in order to establish scientific corporate income taxation of high efficiency and converge with the international corporate income taxation.There are significant disadvantages in the current taxation of our nation, which has made it hard to suit the development of economic globalization. The problems are, for example, the disordered preferential tax policy, the unsound tax legislation system, the lower level of tax revenue legislation, and the faultiness existing in the tax revenue legislation establishment. The ultimate purpose of studying developed countries'reform of taxation system is to help the reform of taxation system of our own country. Despite the different situations of various nations, mastering the new trend and studying the new idea of reform of taxation system are still beneficial for us to master the direction of taxation system's long run development.This article includes the following four parts:Part 1: The international flow of elements of production demands any nations that take part in the global economic circulation should obey the accepted trade guidelines. With the strengthening transparence of taxation system, not only the domestic taxpayers should pay more attention to their own interests by making use of tax legislation, but also the foreign taxpayers should raise more requirements regarding tax administration through legislation.This part firstly expound the objective requirements regarding tax revenue globalization, standardization and tax revenue administration under the background of economic globalization, and at the same time, expound the economic globalization's impact on taxation system in two aspects such as tax sovereignty being weakened and the impact of tax revenue policy.Part 2 has discussed the background of and reasons for taxation system in developed countries in aspects such as the inconsistency of financial deficits and several disadvantages in taxation and the requirements of economic globalization regarding taxation, and has given a conclusion that the main policies of the reform of taxation system in developed countries are reducing income tax rate and broadening tax base; Adjusting the structure of tax category and simplifying the taxation and strengthening the levy administration; Extending the entire measure of exemption of economic double taxation.Part 3, taking Britain, the United States of America for example, specifically discusses aspects from the taxation situation, character, evolvement, measures and development of the three nations and analyzes the effects of the reform of taxation system in developed countries.From this part, we can see the trend of assimilation after the reform: Firstly, from the static point of view, the assimilation of tax rate, that is to say, the gross tax income approximately taking up a certain rate of GDP, and from the dynamic point of view, the trends are consistent ; Secondly, the assimilation of the structure of taxation; Thirdly, adapting the similar measures whose basic content is implementing reform through reducing tax rate and concession and broadening tax base and extending value-added tax, and pushing the value-added tax category most of which are consumption-based value-added taxes. The direct effect of the reform is that tax burden presents a slide trend, and the burden of taxation is relieved, the change of structure of tax category becomes significant, the value-added tax is widely pushed and the social security tax is increased.Part 4 Adapting to the New Situation and Promoting Reform of Taxation System important reference value for our nation's next step of reform of taxation system. The existing taxation of our nation has a series of problems such as the inconsequence in the taxation structure, too many preferential duty policies, and the laxity in tax levy and administration. We should ensure the idea according to our nation's situation, strengthening administration of tax according to legislation, and improving all kinds of legislation, rules and regulations.On the basis of extending tax base and standardizing tax rate, we should established a unified corporate income tax for both domestic or foreign capital and simplify preferential duties for various tax revenue, increase the proportion of income tax in the tax revenue, and insist on the unifying tax revenue policies.Also, we should extend the scope of value added tax and follow the principle of comprehensive levy, that is to say, any industries that engage in commodity production, sales, and labor service, should pay the value added tax in order to reduce the chances of taxpayers'tax evasion reducing the level of value-added tax rate and implementing the consumption based value-added tax gradually; Simplifying the administration to small group of taxpayers.We should improve the system of personal income tax, administer levy strictly, and adjust the income differences, ensuring the harmonious atmosphere of the society.