A Study On The Access System Of Private Banks In Our Country

Since reform and open policy, our country economy develops rapidly. The private economy grows strongly, and the private capital gave a great contribution to the national economy .But in the financial system, the monopoly of state-owned capital has not changed, and the called for the establishment of private banks in recent years is growing. The researches on the private banks in our country are mostly centered on two issues, the one is establishing the private banks or not, the other is how to establish them. In the current situations, china minsheng bank and china zheshang bank have a preliminary framework for the private banks. It means that there is a conclusion on the first question, and this thesis is a study on the access system of private banks in our country.This thesis collected and compiled economic theories about the private banks, defined the concept of private banks, reviewed history of the development of private banks and the enter process. From the main problems in our financial system, revealing the significance of developing private banks in our country. By studying how the United States, Hong Kong and Taiwan access to the banking system, enlightening the China's development of the private banks in the access system. The major part of the thesis is the designing of the market access both the external and internal. The great develop of our private banks should be based on the sound monitoring system and social credit system ,the well done bank withdrawal and the market-oriented interest rates. There is also should have a strict requirements on the ownership structure, scope of business and employees.This thesis is divided into five chapters with the brief introductions individually as follows: Chapter 1: Outlines of private banksThrough the collation of relevant information, the thesis gave a definition of private banks as following: Private banks are a form of economic organization which relative to the government-run or state-owned commercial banks, holdings by private capital and the establishment on the basis of a standardized structure of corporate governance, the joint-stock commercial banks according to the market mechanism. On how to establish our private banks, the opinion of this thesis is to use the incremental reforming model and corresponding pilot, the development of China's private banks should be gradual, step by step.Chapter 2: The significance and the theoretical foundation of the private banksThe thesis wrote two theoretical foundations of the private banks. The first is the symbiotic theory, which provides an understanding of the natural and social phenomena with the new realm of thinking and methods. The theory of financial symbiotic is derivatives from the symbiotic theory. The core of it is the symbiotic relationship between the bank and enterprises, it studied between banks and enterprises, banks and the banks between banks and non-bank financial institutions, in a certain environment of the symbiotic, in a certain mode formation of the symbiotic relationship which is interdependence. The second is the theory of system changes. System Changes refers to the alternative system, the process of converse on and the transaction of system. It includes induced changes and mandatory changes. The process of it is system changes from the non-equilibrium system structure to the evolution and reaches the balance. The significance of developing private banks in our country are financing small and medium-size enterprises, improving the financial system, and re-arrangements the supply and demand of social funds. So, developing private banks can solute our problems about financial system assets monopoly and low degree of market. Chapter 3: How the United States, Hong Kong and Taiwan access to the banking systemBy introducing the banking license management, and market access system of the United States, Hong Kong's three-tier licensing system and Taiwan reformed in the banking sector privatization, revealing the problems encountered, solved, the process of experience in the above countries and regions in the development of private banks, reached an important inspiration for China. In the selection of access path for private banks, private banks can determine the specific conditions of different grades of licensed, different scopes of operation, and then improve the organizational structure of the banking industry. It is also import for the development of private banks to have a relevant laws systems and eligibility review.Chapter 4: External system design for the accessing system of the private banksThis part discussed 4 questions: monitoring system, social credit system, the bank withdrawal and the market-oriented interest rates. Banking supervision has been the main problem of the banking industry for a long time. With the development of the financial system, the situation of banking system is also changing, so the monitoring system should be worked according to the local conditions, and advancing with the times. Compared with the state-owned banks, the private banks have a weak credit foundation, in order to make up for this disadvantage; we should further improve our credit rating system. In order to play an import role in the demand and supply of funds, market interest rates reflect changes; we should reduce interest rates to give a effects for the developing of private banks. Interest rate market has become an inevitable trend. We should also mention about withdrawing. It is reasonable for arranging the troubled banks to withdraw from the market, and then the banking industry can optimize the allocation of resources, orderly competition and the stable operation. Chapter 5: Internal system design for the accessing system of the private banksShareholding structure, scope of business and personnel access is discussed in this chapter. The opinion of this thesis is that the private banks should take the form of joint-stock system, the number of investors should between 7 and 15, and the registered capital is no less than RMB 100 million. In the business scope, because of the particular registered capital of private banks, the banks tend to have a lot of affiliated transactions. So the banks should work on the legal system, the extent of supervision and information disclosure to solve this problem. The private banks personnel access can be divided into general staff officers and senior management these two areas. General staff officers in the banking sector are in line with corresponding standards, senior management should ensure that not only their requirements are in addition to the management and operation of the operational capacity of commercial banks, but also the private bank manager in the risk of moral hazard.Developing private banks can give a grate help to the establishment and development of China's current financial system innovation and reform, make a supplement and perfection to the banking system. Depending on researching the corresponding theory, in conjunction with other countries and regions experience in development, using statistics and charts, this thesis give a design to the private banks on the framework for development. The writer hopes to further improve the development of the theory and reality of private banks.