A Study Of The Joint Operation Between Publicly-owned Enterprises And Privately-owned Enterprises In Qingdao City

The paper analyzes issues related to the joint operation between publicly-owned enterprises and privately-owned enterprises in Qingdao city after the founding of PRC.Earth-shaking changes took place in china after the founding of PRC. The completion of socialization among enterprises in agriculture, handicraft industry and commerce in the 1950s marked that China entered the initial stage of being a socialist state. "The Transformations of Three Industries" had great impact on production relations in China's history and it was a daring reform initiated by CPC. The reform in capitalist industries and commerce, in particular in industries, laid a solid foundation for the industrial development of China. By means of joint operation, the reform was made.It is of much significance to study the process of joint operation between publicly-owned enterprises and privately-owned enterprises in Qingdao city. This theme is getting increasing attention in academic circles. Apart from the advantages in geography and in investment environment, the fast economic growth in Qingdao city after the founding of PRC was closely related to industrial development. So as a major industrial base in China, the city has ranked top ten for many years in term of industrial output. As for the joint operation in Qingdao city there was no literature specializing in the analysis in this respect. Because of this, the paper presents a study of this theme.Based on many original data, the paper divides the joint operation in Qingdao city into three stages.The first stage: Based on the checking up on public assets with government shares, some jointly operated enterprises were established. It was also the initial stage of joint operation among single enterprises. And some practical experience was accumulated;The second stage: The joint operation was further spread according to the meeting on this program held by the Financial Committee of Central Government in January, 1954 and to provisional regulations on this program issued by the Department of State Affairs in September, 1954. It was also a development stage of the transformation process;The third stage: The climax of the transformation was developed step by step until January, 1956.In the transformation process, great achievements were got in Qingdao city: the chief,status of a publicly-owned economy was defined; productivity was improved; cost of labor was reduced; product quality was lifted. Meanwhile the transformation of both enterprises and people's ideology was carried out, which ensured the smooth going of the program and offered experience to deal with issues of this kind.But at the later stage of this transformation, many problems arose because of the fast spread of the program and careless working. Mistakes were made in this fast transformation process and productivity was negatively influenced, which caused inconvenience to people's living. There were great obstacles in ideology and inappropriate arrangement of personnel, which led to inharmonious class relationship.In a word by analyzing the transformation process and problems existed, we could form a general picture of the industrial transformation in Qingdao city. This is of practical guidance to develop non-publicly-owned economy, to coordinate interests among all classes and of benefit to the work of forming an effective united front in the new era.