| The services of ecosystem are critical to human existence and prosperity. As the requirements of sustainable development, ecosystem services value has been one of the hottest issues in the field of ecology. Land use and land cover changes play a decisive role to the maintenance of ecosystem services. The ecological environments of the Bashang Plateau in Hebei Province is in the southeast edge of the Inner Mongolia Plateau and in Farming-pastoral Zone of North China are quite fragile, It is a natural ecological barrier of Beijing-Tianjin region. Grassland degradation, soil erosion, desertification and other ecological problems in the area not only lead to economic, ecological lagging, but also affect the sustainable development of the areas around Beijing and Tianjin. In recent years, particularly in the implementation of the national "Bashang ecological agriculture project," the "returning farmland to forest and grass," and a series of ecological projects, the Land Use of Bashang plateau has great changes. Therefore estimating of the value of ecosystem services about Bashang plateau's land use in different periods for the establishment of the flatland areas of the sustainable development of land use patterns, environmental awareness, and improving the ecological structure and function of the system, and promoting degradation of the ecosystem restoration and reconstruction process and the development of regional ecological security management decision to support the provision of basic theories, have important theoretical and practical significance.A case study was conducted at the Guyuan County in Bashang plateau of Hebei Province, a typical area of fragile ecological environments in Farming- pastoral Zone of North Chinese. Based on the data of land use from 1990 to 2006, according to ecosystem services value unit area of Chinese terrestrial ecosystem, we adjusted the value by coefficient, and evaluated the value of ecosystem services of Guyuan County. The results show that: from 1990 to 2006, land use has changed dramatically. From the land use structure, the proportion of farmland continued to drop, increasing proportion of woodland, grassland proportion slightly reduced, the proportion of other types of land-use changes on the margin; From the area of land use change, reducing the size of the most arable land, forest area increased the most, garden area remain unchanged from the mutual conversion of land use types, farmland and other land-use types of mutual transformation most frequently, especially with woodland, grassland;Land use types in the direction of conversion of farmland - woodland, arable land -pasture, forest and grassland turf - farmland - mainly from changes in land use types of speed, the speed of changes in woodland is the fastest (19.43%), followed by water (2.57%), unused land (2.53%), decreasing farmland and fastest (-2.77%) from the land use change, land use going through an adjustment period. These changes primarily a national implementation of the ecological environment in the area of the construction project results.From 1990 to 2006, the ecosystem services value of farmland, pasture, and unused land reduced, the ecosystem services value of woodlands and waters increased, the total value of ecosystem services in Guyuan County changed significantly. From the trends of changes, the total value of ecosystem services in the study area were continuing increase, and it changed from 6.57 million yuan in 1990 to 8.83 million yuan in 2006.according to the ecosystem services value changes, the woodland's ecosystem service value increased the most heavily, arable land's ecosystem service value reduced the most heavily , unused land's ecosystem service value changed the smallest; Gas regulation, climate regulation, water conservation, soil formation and protection, biodiversity conservation, raw materials, and cultural entertainment Value continued to increase, water conservation increased the most heavily, food production value continued to decline , the disposal of waste reduction value increased. From the sensitivity of view, the ecosystem sensitivity index was less than 1, the largest was not more than 0.5, the value of ecosystem services index value of ecosystem services was the lack of flexibility and the results were credible. The ecosystem service value changed with types of land use change. In addition, construction of the ecological environment in Guyuan County did not consider natural conditions, too much emphasis woodland eco-efficiency, by the linear programming method, we optimized the 2006's land use structure and obtained 2010's land use structure. |
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