Research On Ecological Effect Of Land Use Change Of County Scale

Hohhot is the economic,social,political and cultural center of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the core area of Hohhot,Baotou and Erdos.It has a very important strategic position in the social and economic development of our country.In recent decades,Horinger County as one of the counties under Hohhot jurisdiction has become the fastest growing area for social and economic development,land exploitation and utilization,urbanization and industrialization.However,with the continuous expansion of the scale of land exploitation and utilization in the process of urbanization,the region feels pressure from both serious land usage and ecological environment protection.Due to located in semi-arid areas,and fragile ecological environment,how to accurately evaluate the eco-environmental effects caused by the rapid change of land use in the process of urbanization,further optimizing the structure of land use,that is an important issue of government decision-making and scientific research.Based on this,this paper explores various methods to comprehensively study the ecological and environmental effects caused by land use change,have a certain theoretical and practical significance.Taking Horinger County as the research area,based on the connotation of land use change and ecological effect,this thesis is based on the theory of landscape ecology,ecological economy,sustainable development and man-land relationship coordination and takes advantage of the changing survey data at the end of the five periods of 1996,2000,2005,2009 and 2016.Using RS and GIS as the main technical means,it adopts land use dynamic models,land use degree change models,land-use transfer matrix and other methods to quantitatively analyze the Land use change characteristics of the research area in the last 20 years.And it also adopts the methods of land ecological environment index and ecosystem service value to study the characteristics of comprehensive ecological effect change which are caused by the land use change.The results show that:(1)The land use change trend is"four add two minus",the area of cultivated land and grassland is reduced in varying degrees.However,the forest land,construction land,water area and unused land are increasing continuously in the research area of Horinger County from 1996 to 2016.(2)From the single land use dynamics of 1996-2016 years,the largest change in land use change in the study area is construction land,showing an increasing trend,followed by woodland and unused land,and the increase trend is obvious.The amplitude of decrease and increase of cultivated land,grassland and water area changed in different periods,and the number of cultivated land and grassland changed a lot.On the whole,the comprehensive land use dynamic presents a slow,rapid change and relatively stable change process;comprehensive index of land use degree is increasing in the study period of the study area.The land use degree is increasing gradually.(3)Since the"second national land survey",the land use type transfer matrix and spatial change map show that the types of land use have changed significantly in quantity and space.The area of the land use change is 4790hm~2,and the spatial change occurs distributed in space.(4)The results of ecological effects showed that the ecological environment index of the study area showed an overall upward trend in the past 1996-2016 years,the value of land ecosystem services is also increasing,the ecosystem service value has increased by 1.564 billion yuan over the past 20 years.The ecological environment effect is generally in good condition,and the ecological environment quality is improved obviously.Since the"second national land survey",there are certain differences in the spatial distribution of ecosystem services value.The ecosystem service value of hilly areas of the eastern and southeastern counties,the babe River and the Hun River increased.While the north county(Shengle Town,Chengguan town)economic development and ecosystem service value in rapid and southwest hilly region is decreased.(5)Through the analysis of the correlation between the change of land use and the ecological effect of land,the change trend of the two has a positive correlation,that is,the region where the land use changes quickly,the ecological effect of the land is changed greatly,the significant increase of construction land is the positive trend of ecological effects,the ecological environment index and ecosystem service value increased.the areas with significant changes in agricultural land are the opposite.