Analysis On Function And Effect Of The Food Safety Regulation In The Aquatic Product Trade

Food safety is vital to human's life and health, so the regulation of food safety is an important task in the foreign trade for all countries. Under the circumstance of the world trade and kinds of factors, aquatic product trade suffers more and more regulation of food safety. Domestic research on the regulation of food safety stills lies in the beginning stage and the regulation lacks systematic theory support and deep theoretic research. Therefore the safety regulation in Aquatic product trade has the dual meaning in theory and practice.Regulation on the safety of Aquatic product is based on available theory. It has three basic theories namely aquatic product market characteristic, food safety theory as well as control relevant theory to regulation. Three clues supplement each other, elaborating the necessity of food safe control: such factors as the aquatic product market's multiple links, sensitivity as well as the exterior characteristics and so on indicate that the market is unable to restraint aquatic product food safety through its own adjustments, therefore the government needs to enforce control on food safety. Such food safety theories as the public product (benefit) theory, the social responsibility and the lemon market theory prove that the government needs to regulate food safety in the aspects of the consumer, the enterprise as well as the market. But such relevant theories as the market malfunction theory, the non-decentralized fundamental theory, the public agent theory and optimized intervention policy theory show it's necessary for the government to enforce safety control from the different angle.As the importing country government's one kind of strategy, the government determines whether to implement regulation on product safety, considering that the consumer welfare's change, the producer effect's change, the implementation cost as well as the import aquatic product's quality. However the aquatic product exporting country determines the safety degree of the export products on basis of the aquatic product additional cost, the profit changes as well as food safety control implemented by the importing country. The bilateral strategy choice will finally achieve the mixed and balanced strategy.After the importing country government implements the food safety regulation, and on basis of influence of regulation it can be divided into three types as follows:①The macroscopic effect. It performs as the limit effect, the diffusion effect as well as the competition effect;②The nationality effect. It performs as the consumer welfare effects, the producer welfare effects, the producer cost effect as well as the market effect;③Chine's aquatic product trade's special effect. It performs as special effect, production competition effect, production cost effect as well as enterprise responsibility effect and so on. However econometric analysis on the relevant cases has also proven the above effect.Looking from the Chine's aquatic product trades practice, China's major trade partners are those countries with mature economic development. They have strict restrain on food safety, glorious, centralized regulation system of the aquatic product safety as well as continually upgraded regulation manners. However, as for the effect on China's aquatic product trades, aquatic product trade regulation has different effects on basis of target market countries'different level of dependency on China's aquatic products. And European and American aquatic product regulation becomes beginning of the new round global food regulation. The Japanese is characteristic of trade protection while the Korean seems moderate as a result of Korean high dependency on China's aquatic products.In the other hand, looking from food regulation China faces at present, although the total level of the safety of Chine's exporting aquatic product has been continually improved, still many latent threats lie in the food safety field. The aquatic product unsafe factor spreads the whole process of the raw material production, the processing, the storage and transportation, the sale and the expense. In addition, China lacks measures against food safety regulation, and once China encounters food regulation, usually suffers serious loss. In consequence of such international factor as the unbalance of the world aquatic product production structure, such target market country's home factor as balancing trade and reducing trade deficit and such China's own factor as congenial psychology, China suffers more and more food regulation, and aquatic product safety regulations have various of effects on China's trade level, the consumer benefit, the producer benefit and so on.Based on the above analysis, to reduce the negative effect of food regulation, the government, trade association and enterprise should change the present operation pattern and activate respective proper functions. Specifically speaking, the government should manage to establish the new food safety supervision system, and the trade association should improve its the function of supervision and cooperation, and the relevant enterprises ought to start from the food safety and carry on the second choice to"cost-income". Through above triple parties'specific division and restructuring of function the goal will finally be achieved that China will encounter less and less aquatic product regulation and negative effect is gradually reduced.