The Research On Chinese Iron And Steel Industry Layout Based On GIS

Iron and steel industry is a technology-intensive,capital-intensive, resources- intensive and energy-intensive industry, and it also is an important basic industry for the national economy. The rational distribution of Chinese steel industry plays an important role on the sustained development of the national economy,the state's stability and the improvement of people's life quality. Iron and steel industry layout occupies a crucial position in the entire industrial distribution system. Optimizing distribution of iron and steel industry is necessary for not only enhancing its competitiveness but also taking a new road to industrialization. Industrial layout is a very vital issue but a difficult point.This thesis summarized the industrial layout theory ,technology and the research of the steel industry layout,and it pointed out that with data limitations the research of industry geographical concentration ratio based on distance was not too much,GIS-aided research of the iron and steel industry layout just emerge in China.This thesis utilized industry concentration ratio and herfindal index to calculate Chinese steel industry concentration ratio from 1991 to 2006,and it came to the conclusion that Chinese steel industrial concentration ratio was too low, and had been declining in recent years. This thesis also explained the necessity of enhancing Chinese steel industry concentration ratio for the advantage of Iron ore price negotiations, the increasingly severe international situation which Chinese steel industry faces, the pace of foreign investments which merger Chinese steel enterprises, Chinese steel industry's overall competitiveness. It analyzed why the concentration ratio had been declining and was low, and those reasons were the diversification of iron and steel enterprises in 1990s, the low entry barriers and high exit barriers of iron and steel industry, and many obstacles which were encountered in the process of mergers and reorganizations.With the help of MapInfo this thesis made thematic maps to display the process of Chinese steel industrial distribution evolution, which revealed Chinese steel industrial layout developing from most crude steel production concentrated in Liaoning when new China was founded to crude steel was mainly produced in East China and North China. This thesis measured Chinese steel industry geographic concentration ratio based on distance in order to reflect the status quo of Chinese steel industry spatial layout, giving a conclusion that steel plants in eastern provinces are very intensive and should be properly dispersed. This thesis based on GIS to analyze the conditions including mineral resources, energy, iron ore imports, water resources, demand for steel distribution, transportation and the environment which impact Chinese steel industry layout optimizing. It designed the optimized programmers based on GIS. This thesis established mathematical prediction model and forecast by 2010 most of the demand for steel products would be in Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Guangdong. Last this thesis gave some suggestions about enhancing steel industry concentration ratio and the steel industry optimize layout.