| Old-age insurance system in rural areas of the building has been the resolve of China's "three rural issues" an important response,It is not only the aging of China's rural areas as a response to aggravate the situation, but also play an important role in the process of social transformation in rural areas ,In particular the aging of China's rural problem.At the same time, the vast majority of China's rural social endowment insurance system for the building of the great lag. It can be said that the rural old-age insurance system, not only crack the "three rural issues" one of the focal points, but also in the process of social transformation in rural areas play an important role.The Experience of Western developed countries has shown that the social development in rural areas is the core of the modern transformation of the agricultural industry, and the premise of this process is to stabilize the agricultural labor force in large-scale access to non-agricultural industries. In China, as a result of the rural social old-age security system is not enough able-bodied, land or access to basic protection of the farmers mainly rely on farmers to give up the land not easily operating. This led to the vast rural areas at present there are still small-scale peasant economy of production, thereby constraining the development of agricultural productivity and the process of agricultural modernization.However, the comprehensive security system in rural areas of the development of rural areas is not entirely a positive effect from the experience of the developed countries. Japan, Korea and other countries have in the process of rapid urbanization in a sharp decline in the status of the rural population to agricultural and rural development had a negative effect. Although the period of rapid economic development in a large number of rural-urban migration appears to be irreversible, but even so, we still should be careful to deal with, as far as possible from the system set up on this trend to reduce the negative effects. Old-age insurance system in rural settings is a reasonable system of which an important element.In this vein, I select an economy of China's more developed eastern part of the X counties (cities) for the study, through its new rural endowment insurance system more representative of the two towns, as well as the consequences of the implementation of a comparative analysis of in order to discuss the transition of China's rural policy settings how to effectively play a positive role in their development to prevent system failure. X City is the eastern region of China's more developed an economy of county-level cities, the city since June 2007 will come into effect the implementation of a new type of rural social endowment insurance system.The system includes two major elements. One is the old-age farmers (C) The social old-age insurance subsidy system, a system of old-age insurance payment. The former provides that, where a household with the city, and men over 60 years of age, women aged 55 years old farmers and urban residents can enjoy the old-age farmers (C) The social old-age insurance subsidies, subsidies in 2007 the standard 60 per person per month . Framed the scope of the latter is the residence of the city who are over 18 years of age, did not participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers or peasants farmers and old-age insurance for urban residents. Both through the accounts system by paying insurance premiums or by enjoying old-age treatment.I in the X city (county level) in selected A more representative of the town of A and B as a specific study. A town rich in iron ore resources and has a number of large enterprises, the standard of living of the residents living in the city in the forefront of the city is more representative X of the economic development of villages and towns. Town B is the level of development of the region, lower-middle regions, the basic industry to agriculture. Economic level in general. However, the two town way of life in the village have shown urbanization of rural life in its infancy, traffic conditions, the increase in revenue, an increase in personnel to work, local villagers have deepened the understanding of the city and contacts, which they live methods and innovative concepts have had a great impact in all aspects of life are beginning to par as far as possible to the city life, try to space in pursuit of rural urbanization of life, although this is subject to many of the demands of the objective conditions in rural areas, but its trend is very clear. However, in spite of the economic level there is a significant difference, but the way in the agricultural business is still small-scale peasant economy model, farmers rely on the land, the industrialization of the lack of stimulation, all make this traditional agricultural production difficult fundamental of change. Even in the number of migrant workers led to significantly reduced the local workforce, the small-scale peasant economy is still deep-rooted. It can be said that, A, B two towns are at a embryonic breeds social transformation, but the fundamental mode of production has yet to be one of the stages of change. In this context, the rural pension insurance system is no doubt that should bear the social function.In this context, , the X City's new type of rural old-age insurance system in the A, B of the implementation of the two towns there are varying degrees of system failure situation. In A town , the higher economic level of the system the lack of attractiveness of the village, causing a lower insurance rate. In the middle and lower economic level, etc. in town B, the system was only regarded as the traditional form of a supplementary pension, which lost its process of social transformation in their social role. The effect of such a system is determined by the deviation of the final analysis, system and local rural development caused by out of touch. It ignores the local existing social structures and production patterns, not the system design and the actual living conditions of villagers linked to, and we have not played it is that farmers should move away from dependence on land the role of the community, resulting in a system failure situation.Transformation of rural society is the core of traditional agricultural production of small-scale peasant economy to a modern industrial economy. In the process, inevitably accompanied by large-scale transfer of agricultural labor into the non-agricultural industries. Old-age insurance system in rural areas is to ensure a smooth transfer of rural labor to the premise, because a reasonable sound old-age insurance system in rural areas to help farmers resist the old-age risk effectively, making them get rid of dependence on land, and promote the development of agricultural industrialization. Therefore, the rural social old-age pension system is the ultimate goal of society. However, we from the X city of the new rural endowment insurance system in the A, B implementation of the two towns can be seen that this role does not play an effective.In the current social transformation of rural China, the industrialization of agriculture will inevitably accompany the transformation of the identity of the rural population. China's huge rural population base, we can not make copy of the city in modern Europe and the United States of roads, often in a short period of time the transfer of hundreds of millions of the rural population, which exceeded the current capacity of our cities and the pace of development. Therefore, the urbanization of rural life may be we are more realistic choice. That farmers in the rural space, by improving their working methods and way of life, improve their quality of life, and gradually catch up with until close to the standard of urbanization.A and B towns in the X City in northern China to develop better models in rural areas, it reflects the urbanization of rural life and infancy of this model, to a large extent a reflection of the development of rural areas of China's new trend. Rural old-age insurance system is no doubt the formulation and implementation should focus on this new trend to a more constructive attitude to promote the development of rural society. To achieve an effective system, the first requirement is that the level of protection with the socio-economic development level, the standard can not be too low, can really attract the broad masses of farmer's insurance, farmers benefit. Followed by the rural old-age insurance system in the actual operation, should show some flexibility, the actual situation of the local targeted some resolve. Finally, the rural old-age insurance system in rural areas should focus on promoting changes in production methods. It should not be a separate policy or system, but with a range of rural and agricultural policy coordination, including the economic, social and cultural aspects to promote, in a mutual interaction between form and sound system, system settings, and promote rural urbanization process of rural life. |
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