Research On The Rural Labors’ Structural Shortage And The Transformation Of Rural Society

Currently, the rural area has entered into a key turning period, and from the theory of the modernization, the transition of rural society is the inevitable trend of rural development, and this article embarks from the shortage of rural labor structural perspective, reexamining the transformation of rural society.After reviewing some related literatures, this paper argues that the current academic circles for the rural labor and urban-rural development focus on:firstly, the turning of the social developing logic, truly considering the coordinated development of urban and rural; secondly, gradually recognizing that the rural labor has changed from "infinite supplies" stage into a "limited supply" stage; thirdly, advocating the new-type urbanization logic, paying more attention to the human’s urbanization, modernization. Then from the perspective of China’s population structure’s natural changing trend, the rural areas gradually aging trend, the rural labor structure’s new features showed in agricultural production, and the rural labor force gradually entering into non-agricultural transfer point, this paper argues that the rural labor force has come into the "era of limited supply," and the shortage of labor structure is an important characteristic of this stage. Then after a comprehensive overview about the CGSS data, especially the data of2010, from the perspective of rural labor structure, family working structure, the education structure and the trends of young labor away from farming,this paper finds out: young labor force in rural area has the trend away from agriculture,and leaving the countryside.The current status of agricultural production mode, such as agricultural production of modern science and technology investment and the level of market is still relatively low, the family mode of agricultural production are susceptible to the impact of this labor force structureFinally, this paper considers that a large number of rural labors away from agriculture are the inevitable process of rural social transformation. But by the urban-rural dual development concept and the current agricultural production system constraints, rural society appears the pain of transition, especially the shortage of labor will causes the imbalance between the urban and rural areas to a new level and makes a great impact on the continuity of the agricultural production. In the new-type urbanization background, this paper considers to change the dual urban-rural development concept, production management mode of agriculture, and the declining rural living style from the village to the community to facilitate the transformation of rural society.