A Study On The Design Idea And The Operational Mechanism Of Social Security In Chinese Countryside

In China, set up social security in rural areas is an event that concerns the vital interests of the peasantry,and is an event that set up at the contemporary, benefit future generations. It can be said, the establishment of China's rural social security system has great significance, is not just about the farmers own interests, but also has great significance for the whole development of the national economy.For several years, to will consummate the rural social security will advance more better theories. The contribution is the author to enrich the rural social security's theory library, the author also hoped that play certain instruction role to the social security practice. Must know two matters in the Chinese countryside establishment social security . First, we should know the necessity and feasibility in the countryside the rural community safeguards, second, we should know theory preparation and practice situation in countryside establishment social security. The author thought that not only establishes the rural social security is necessary moreover is feasible, and establishes the rural social security needs the fair idea to make the support and Multi-level, the multi-dimensional pattern.In China, set up rural social security system not only necessary but also feasible, rural social security in China in the current circumstances, already facing a problem in all aspects. Including the establishment of old-age security in rural areas is slow; Farmer's difficult to see a doctor, expensive medical, no resettlement of rural surplus labor force, and so on. If we hesitate and slow, with the arrival of rapid aging of our country and the economic crisis further deepen, the establishment and strengthen social security in rural areas will encounter more problems. Based on the current economic and political situation in our country, the opportunity of set up a sound social security in rural areas can be said has gradually matured. This matured can be seen in three aspects: First the establishment of the government's public finance system will be provided financial support for the construction of rural social security system. With the completion of China's economic system, especially as a member of WTO, the Chinese Government will achieve the rapid change of government functions, speed up the establishment of public finance, in this context that the establishment of social security system in rural areas is just on time. Public finances means that the Government's management to public expenditure. China's fiscal expenditure will be from great importance to the economic field to the expenditure of public services, including one of the important educations, public health and social security expenditure. The establishment of public finance system not only quantitative changes in the structure of expenditures, it is important that public finance pay more attention to the question of social equity, concern about social security. Second, because of the central benefit farmer's policy, farmers'income has increased, and provides an important foundation for the establishment of social security system. China has large population; the funds of social security are still depending on the rural economy and farmers. Although the income level of farmers is relatively low than horizontal, but in vertical the income of the farmers is still has been a larger increase, China's per capita net income of farmers from less than 200 Yuan to more than 2200 Yuan, it lay the basic foundation for the establishment of social security system, and at all levels of government is gradually put improve the income of the farmers on an important position, we can believe that the income of the farmers in the near future will be greatly improved; In addition, there is a considerable part of China's rural areas has a higher level of economic development, they can afford the cost of social security. It has laid a foundation for the establishment of multi-level social security system. Third, China's rural social security system must have a foundation, such as the establishment and popularization of China's new rural cooperative medical care in rural areas are very quickly.The feasibility of set up social security in rural areas in China has been proved, the next is the establishment and strengthen of China's rural social security should be guided by what kind of idea, adopt what model. China's rural social security has not been effective and improved, it has closely related to be short of financial resources to the Government when set up at the social security in rural areas, the Government has never promised to farmers, such as the concept of model errors and the farmer on the original security system has not been generally adopted, and the gradual shrinkage of the middle. China's rural social security should insist on the idea of the fair and priority, using the concept of fair priority first because of social security itself is a fair mechanism, fair is the most important thing. The second is the reality of China's rural areas, requested the Government have a large tilt to rural; Third, only under the guidance of this concept, rural social security can come out of the original concept of the errors in the determination, really improve the rural social security. Social security under the fair priority should be taken to what kind of model, although to be fair, but fair is not equal to the average, according to our national conditions and for different regions, different natural conditions, different economic status, establish different levels of social security, multi - pattern matching social security. The specific implementation is as follows: in the eastern developed areas carry out the system than social insurance dominates, social relief, social welfare system as a supplement; In the central areas, social relief and social insurance dominates, social welfare system as a supplement; In the western, social relief, social welfare dominates, social insurance as a supplement; This synergy of multi-model not only fit the national conditions of China, and effective solute our country's model of rural social security problem.The author'explore to China's rural social security system can be said to enrich the theory of China's social security library, and make an innovation to the idea and the pattern of rural social security. However, because of the author is short of knowledge, this study is not deep enough. I hope in the future study I can deepen this theory step-by-step.