An Analysis On The Reaction To The White's Domination Of South Africa Modenization Frustration During 1970s And 1980s

During 1970s and 1980s,South Africa was confronted with frustration in modernization development,in face of the sanction imposed by the western countries as well as the Economic setback domestically.However,South Africa successfully maintained the oil supply with coal into oil techology,building the plant Sasol that,to some extent,helped to relieve the shortage.Taking Sasol as an important expamle,the author emphasizes the measures South Africa adopted in that period.Sasol,setting up at different time under various backgrounds,promoted unbanization of Sasolburg and Secunda.Later the further reason of South Africa's depression was revealed through the analysis of Sasol's contribution to South Africa Economy and measures taken to response the crisis.At last the author conludes Sasol's successful experiences,hoping to give certain references to China.This article contains three parts.They are preface,text and conclusion.The text is divided into four parts.The first chapter reveals crisis characteristics and reasons in 1970s to 1980s in South Africa.Lasting declination,featuring with high unemployment rates,low Economy growth rates,roaring inflation,affected domestic investment,foreign trade and export volume,manufacture department more or less. The most important reason was Apartheid in South Africa which caused racial conflict and confusion in society,leading the direct loss of foreign investment and fiscal deficit continuously as more money spent on the martial as well as administration for controling the situation.Meanwhile the international comminuty made a decision to make limitations on export and import trade,causing great loss in foreign trade volume in South Africa.Hardly had the western countries upgraded the sanction to oil embargo when the oil crises happened and the oil source from Iran sharply reduced. Therefore,South Africa had to find a way to help itself.The second chapter mainly discusses the birth of Sasol's three countries under different backgrounds as the way Sasol found to deal with.As South Africa is enriched with great amounts of coal but little oil reserve,the government made use of oil from coal technology called "Fischer-Tropsch process" to launch Sasol at a heavy cost.The government invested the construction of SasolⅠand the birth of SasolⅡ＆Ⅲaccording to the changes in the world situations.South Africa also bought petrol in high prices and made preparations oil reserve for embargo.The third chapter rotated around the unbanization of two cities called Sasolburg and Secunda as well as satellite cities.The author pays attention to the reason, function,design and effect of the cities.As Sasol's developing,two cities were emgering.Various infrastructures have been improved to meet the needs of people. The concept of harmony between nature and human has been brought to the design. Cities were booming,which caused Sasol's staff stable and hardworking.The fourth chapter reveals certain Sasol's contribution to economy,other measures adopted and economy progress in 1990s.Sasol met the need of oil supply and promoted other chemical departments' development.Besides that,South Africa individually developed ammunitions,new parteners,trade ways and new markets to survive the hard times.South Africa had partial progress in Economy in 1990s,but the Apartheid was still responsible for the slow development.It was not until the democratic election held in 1994 that the international community came to cease the sanction and rebuild coordinaiton relationship with South Africa.The conclusion part refers to Chinese coal to oil development,Sasol successful experiences and its enterprise culture.China also boasts plenty of coal but little oil and met problems in coal to oil items.The success in respect of environmental protection and safety production can be a mirror for China in developing the item.