The Study On The Planning Of The Rural Residential Area's Layout In Changsha

In the 5th session of the 16th CPC Congress, the project of "New Country Construction" was raised, layout in rural residential area which is considered as its important element by people. Optimizing the layout of rural settlements is good for conservation of land resources, improving the living environment in rural areas, adapting to rural society's large-scale production and the new model of the community life, promoting economic and social co-ordinate the development of urban and rural areas.In according to the research and practice of rural settlements at home and abroad, we should do rural settlements planning from the reality of the region, and pay attention to the geographical characteristics and the level of the overall consideration. But there are a few deficiency of the planning in Changsha, involving lack of estimating of the situation of rural development, taking into account of characteristics of local rural areas, lack of planning models and methodologies to guide the planning. In the light of these reasons, the article summed up some rural settlement planning strategies that is suitable for Changsha area by a comprehensive analysis of the profile of the layout of rural settlements, the impact of factors, principles, and key points of the planning of the agricultural region in Changsha.Changsha is situated in the central hilly region, its economic development is rapid, and the living standards of farmers are gradually rising. But its rural settlements' layout exist some problems at this time. The problem is that the rural settlement has variable size and scattered points, creaking infrastructure, a low level of the degree of intensification of land use, internal chaos space layout and too large monomer building. The paper summed up some rural settlement planning strategies at the macro and micro-level after analyzed the inflection of a variety of natural and socio-economic, cultural customs and standard of living factors. At the macro level, the key points are controlling the scale, determining the settlement hierarchy, reconstruction of spatial patterns, and the choice of settlement. And we can use such models to change it, including aggregating the small settlement, moving to the place where has good facilities aggregation, considering its industry, combining the settlement to the city. And we can use this planning method at the macro level, including multi-level space location, classification and comparison, finding the principal factors. At the micro-level, the key element of planning is roads, ponds, mountains, pubic green space, public service facilities, residential, communally intercourse space, and the place which locate at the foot of the hill or in the farmland or by the road are the place which is suitable for the location of settlements in the region. We can use natural loose groups, center compact groups, linear settlements, and scattered settlements for the organizations of the internal structure of the settlement, and use central composite method, transit-oriented method, terrain-oriented method to do the plan. At last, we put forward on the diversification strategy and the implementation of the planning which is not involved in the study of the issue and which will be the direction of the future.