The Analysis And Enlightment Of Ming Dynasty's Stagnant Development Of Science And Technology System

From the perspective of history of China, science and technology in the Ming Dynasty still belong to the old system ; from the time, at a transition stage from ancient to modern in the history of the world. In the early Ming Dynasty, China's foreign trade in science and technology is still in surplus, there is still development. However, with the Renaissance movement spreading deeply and widely in western Europe, western science and technology has an obvious advantage over China and a state of hobbled and stagnant appeared in China's scientifical and techonological development .Why is there such a situation. Some scholars belive that this is caused by authoritarian rule of the Qing Danasty, and this is a real misunderstanding. In terms of social structure and the social system, Qing Danasty is just succession to the feudal soceity and it strenghens the authoritarian regimes of Ming Danasty. A variety of factors in the consequence of Qing Danasty have been focused on the show, the gap between western science and technology is only one of the consequences of this. The sign of lagging has emerged in the Qing Danasty. Some scholars look for reasons of gap between Chinese and western science and technology from cultural pattern and geographical environment. Geographical environment is just a labor productivity, it is one of the elements that compose the productivity. The workers are the most active element in the revolutionary as they have a decisive influence on the speed of the growth of productivity, as well as the scale of development. The cognitive modes of "Moral important than science and technology" in the book Zhou Yi is just a cultral pattern. The reason why it has a wide reach in the society is that it was chosen by the personnel and was enforced through politics. In other words, the root cause of the contrast between Chinese and western science and technology should be looked for from the workers--the main factor.Creativity of workers lies in their understanding of the situation and their knowledge structure while personal thought and knowledge structure in turns are influenced by social evironment, political influence in particular. In order to effectively take control of the thinking of its people, Ming Danasty enact and perfect a series of political, economic, cultural and social system to consolidate the imperial power and at the same time use some non-rational, non- conventional means to make the social systems cooperate with each other and make concerted campaign around the imperial power. Politics oppresses upon economics, weakening the inherent requirement of the development of productive forces; overtops the community, killing the fresh ideas of the society and seriously hindering the public's freedom of thoughts; Examination-oriented education caused laborer's single knowledge structure,and the system of selecting scholars for public office through eight-legged essay attracted outstanding persons in politics rather than engaged in scientific research. All these are resulted by the personnel's subordinating to and serving the single political objective. In such a social environment, the workers have neither requirements of being engaged in scientific research nor technical innovation ability.Based on the social system of Ming Danasty, this paper try to find out the ture reason for the lagging behind of Chinese modern science and technology by making an analysis in an systematic and scientific way of the factors that might result in the binding of innovative thinking and the killin of the capitalism bud.