Study On The Promotion Of Trade Comparative Profit Based On Port Efficiency

In the process of economic reform and opening, one country could achieve the economic development by the optimized distribution of global economic resources through the way of "Endowment Structure-Flow of Products and Factors-Dynamization of Comparative Advantage-Upgrade of Industrial Structure-Enhancement of Comparative Advantage". As an important hub of global resources distribution, port might be a significant factor for China to break through the bottleneck in economic opening. Though China has abundant port resources, after the substantial growth of throughput there has been little increase of efficiency for Chinese ports in the transitional stage. So it is quite significant to promote the research on efficiency of Chinese ports for China to use foreign resources and markets better as well as domestic ones, upgrade current low-level comparative advantages, and gain more comparative profit in the economic opening.This study is conducted on the promotion of trade comparative profit, which is based on efficiency of port, using the qualitative method integrated with quantitative. Firstly, according to the research on the connotation of efficiency as a point of entry,3 layers of the connotation were presented:the operative efficiency of port, the network configuration efficiency of port, and the radiant efficiency of port to its hinterland. And then based on the frame of the 3 layers, the mechanism of how the port efficiency would influence the promotion of trade comparative interest was discussed, which proved that the promotion of port efficiency would systematically reduce the generalized transport cost, establish the internal promotive mechanism of port advantage by the benign interaction of generalized transport cost and total cargo amount in the hinterland, and increase the trade comparative profit by export stimulating effect, import-barrier reduction effect and aggregation-diffusion effect.。Secondly, this study established one indicator system which could reflect the 3 layers of port efficiency comprehensively, evaluated the port efficiency levels of 6 countries, and validated the promotion effect of trade comparative profit by port efficiency with the duo-effect gravity model and econometric regression.At last, taking Ningbo-Zhoushan Port as an example, this study made a profound anatomy on the low efficiency of Chinese port, concluded that the promotion of port efficiency would be limited by the management system of port, and offered some corresponding solution and suggestion to the maintenance of vested interest by vested interest groups in the transitional stage.To sum up, this study tries to make innovation on the follo wings:first, it presented the special importance of promoting port efficiency for the increase of trade comparative profit according to the Chinese characteristics in the open economy. Second, it made an anatomy of the 3 layers of port efficiency, and discussed the effect of port efficiency on the increase of trade comparative profit by the 3-layer frame. Third, it made a typical case study on Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, and offered the mechanism of Multi-incentive-compatibility for the promotion of Chinese economy and trade by port in the modern open economy.