The Research Of The Evaluation System Of The Externalities Of Urban Rail Transit

In China as the development of economy, the level of urbanization improved continuously. More and more people gathered in big cities, and attendant problems become serious traffic congestion and the urban transport systems can not meet the needs of development of cities. Because of the speed, big traffic, low pollution and high efficiency, urban rail transit projects can ease the traffic problems and build the integrated transport system.Based in externality theory and characteristics of urban rail traffic, this paper analyzes the externalities of urban rail transit projects in the development of cities, including:reduce the purchase of public transport vehicles, and cut the cost of road construction; reduce traffic congestion and improve the urban environment; promote the development of regional economic; increase the price of land along them; optimize the layout of urban space and guide the areas development.In this paper, we try to establish a fair and comprehensive evaluation system to evaluate the externalities of urban rail transit. We chose several quantitative evaluating indexes, and built a evaluation system according to the externalities of urban rail transit. At the end of this paper, we used the Beijing MTR Line 4 to prove this evaluation system. From the result of the positive analysis, we can conclude that as the important infrastructure project of big cities, the urban rail transit can bring huge externalities which can be quantized. The most prominent behave is the increasing of the land price along the urban rail transit.