The Research On Shedui Enterprise In Guangxi: 1953-1983

Guangxi Rural Shedui enterprises were team-up-collectively owned enterprises initiated by agricultural production cooperatives, rural people's communes and production unit through the process of Agricultural Collectivization and the Movement of People's Commune, involving agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, Vice, fishing, industrial and commercial, and other industries. Besides, the co-op collective economic organizations such as handicraft industry located in the rural area (including) were also main drive and indispensable elements for the development of Shedui enterprises. After socialism transform had been realized in rural area, along with the development of collective agriculture, the development of collectively owned enterprises in all kinds of occupations is an inevitable law. But the "Great Leap Forward" and the early lopsided developed Guangxi rural enterprises in the early phase of the Movement of People's Communes lacked a sound foundation. Along with the worsening of the general economic situation exampled as the then natural disaster, agricultural reduction, "Shedui "enterprises bloomed quickly but also declined soon. In the mid of 1960s, the general economic situation got better and the country agriculture gradually recovered, which spurred the irresistible tendency for the development of Shedui enterprises. Although the country agriculture had suffered some attacks in the "Great Cultural Revolution", yet "Shedui" enterprises developed fast in twist. After Reform and Opening, people's communes had been abolished in the rural areas and hence the name of Shedui enterprises is out of use from then on. But township enterprises, including village collective enterprises, began to develop quickly and being called as "a new force suddenly rises".The preface of the thesis illustrates the author's research objectives, research aim and methods with a brief introduction of the history of Shedui enterprises, a definition of the concept of Shedui enterprises and also a summary of the related scholarships.The thesis will be divided into five parts:The first part mainly focuses on the short history of Guangxi Province Shedui enterprises from its founding after the establishment of the New China till the "Great Cultural Revolution", including its formation, short-term development and its final decline. In my opinion, Shedui enterprises had been born from the phase of the agricultural collectivization. The "Great Leap Forward" and the Movement of People's Communes led the quick development of "Shedui" enterprises; however, natural disasters and wrong policies caused its decline.The second part mainly focused on the reasons and experiences for the development of Guangxi Shedui enterprises from the recovery of national economy in the mid of 1960s to the Reform and Opening. The burst of "Great Cultural Revolution" certainly attacked rural economics, but because the development of Shedui enterprises corresponded with the law of development and the ideal of income-raising and common prosperity of the peasantry, "Shedui" enterprises still doggedly developed under the unfavorable planned economy system with support of national policy and this promoted the development of rural commodity economy.The third part mainly analyzes the reasons for further development of Guangxi Shedui enterprises after the Reform and Opening and the reason for comparatively retarding in the whole country. With deepening of the rural Reform, Shedui enterprises became a historial name, yet Guangxi township enterprises have developed quickly since then.The fourth part mainly presents industrial structure and development situation of Guangxi Shedui enterprises, analyzes its feature of producing and operation. Shedui enterprise was rural socialism collective ownership enterprise. Special features could be found in the operational mechanism of its management system, sources of fund, relations between outputs, supplies and sales, profits and assignment which provide precious lessons for how to develop public ownership economy for socialism practice. Finally part analyzes the local characteristics of Shedui enterprises in Guangxi.The fifth part mainly discusses the historical significance of Shedui enterprises. Shedui enterprises had great significance in solving the problem of rural industrialization, agricultural modernization, developing functions of rural grassroots political power, carrying out the charging system of rural community, building new country market and village and improving the living quality of the people.Since Reform and Opening, we have been on a socialism way with Chinese characteristics. We have realized the combination of socialism public ownership with market economy. Research on the foundation and development of Shedui enterprises have great significance for probing the way for related management system and strengthening the full development of rural economy, society, and culture, and also for constructing new socialist countryside.