The Research Of Sustainable Development In Coal Resources Based County

In the areas which abound with natural resource, the economic growth and social development has come from exploitation and utilization of natural resources. But the dependence on natural resources has also brought many problems, such as single-product economic structure, degradation of ecological environmental, expansion of the income gap and so on. The natural resource will be depleted no matter how abundant it is. Inevitably, this will lead to the local industry decline, and set back the regional economies. To seek a way to achieve the sustainable development of its society,economy and environment in these areas is a very valuable theme to research.The county named Huaping in Yunnan Province is a typical coal resources based county. The empirical work of this paper has been done to evaluation sustainable development of Huaping. Emergy Analysis has been used to analysis the three subsystems of social system,economic system and nature system in Huaping. From the calculation we concluded that Huaping achieved a rapid economic growth from 2004 to 2008. This is mainly attributed by using its non-renewable resources-coal. The non-renewable resource emergy rate was 77.5% in 2004 and increased to 85.3% in 2008. The largest share of this ratio was raw coal. The main driving force of economic growth was coal industry. The emergy per person at a high level was 6.90E +16sej in 2008. The emergy investment ratio was between 0.10-0.15 during the 5- year-period, and the highest ratio of emergy benefit of purchase was only 0.2 which was very low. So we can see that its economic growth depended on local resources, and the emergy feedback input was too low, the benefits of nature resource were limited. The environmental load ratio increased from 9.94 to 20.9 from 2004 to 2008, and the waste/ renewable emergy ratio was more than 100% during the 5- year-period. Obviously,the environment pressure in Huaping was increasing. The emergy index of sustainable development declined from 0.155 to 0.064, which indicated that the system of Huaping consumed more emergy for production, the economic development was unsustainable, and the unsustainable situation was deteriorating now. The Principal Component Analysis of Huaping was on the basis of emergy analysis,and the comprehensive evaluation of PCA method showed that, the sustainable development capability of Huaping has declined during the 5- year-period. The main reasons included the use of non-renewable resources,the increase of environmental load ratio, and the emergy lost in external trade, the low level of technology and electrification.According to the empirical research of Huaping, we got a few suggeations for promoting its sustainable development. First, establishing a public development fund to ensure that the sustainable development of Huaping in future with the financial security. Second, Improving the social security system, establishing a reasonable benefit-sharing mechanisms, and to protect the community members'interests. At the same time, paying attention to social and psychological problems of the residents, especially the gap between the poor and the rich, and to guiding people to establish correct values, building a harmonious social psychology. Third, developing the circular economy, saving resources,reducing pollutions, and strengthening environmental protection and enforcing related laws, establishing the economic compensation system for the use of nature resource. At Last, developing the low-carbon economy, supporting green industry development to the alternative industries, and make the economic growth in line with social development.