Research On Several Issues Of Preparatory Warehouse Policy In The Ming Dynasty

Reserve warehouse was on the base of the previous generation of political gains and losses ,and had been build with characteristic of the Ming Dynasty. It had three main functions : Relief Loan,Relief Tiao,Relief. It had an effect on stabilizing small-scale peasant economy, social and economic life of the order, ensuring the country's lord revenue collection.Preparatory warehouse was established in the first year of Hongwu, Because of the central government's financial support, it was large-scale constructed during the late period of Hongwu,and came to the peak in the colonial time of Renzong and Zuanzong,Owning to irreplenish the grain in time, Reserve warehouse fell into stagnating in the last years of Xuande period. Reserve warehouse is reestablished all through the nation in the first years of Zhengtong. It was kept druing Jingtai and Tianshun. Reserve warehouse at this time has been monitored by run over by the government-run, Government to strengthen the position of the control preparation, Beginning to show the shortcomings of government-run. Chenghua period after the next government to take various measures to improve the storage system ready, for example, interest income system,Grain systems,But as the late Ming government corruption,under the guidance of the preparation by the Government position is also no way to escape,the gradual implementation of the various systems are stalled. With the next medium-term social positions, meaning the rise of warehouse, preparation warehouse functions gradually Garners against Famine, granary replaced, Social Security can only be gradually strengthened, relief to poor and weak into prepared positions of the main functions.Guarding place of Ming Dynasty set up reserve warehouse. It was use relieved Soldiers and civilians during famine relief. In the northern border, it stored the grain in order to relieve the minority, and played an active role in safeguarding national unity and reunification. Reserve warehouse carried out the system of taking no-interest in the early Ming. In Chenghua period, it began to take interest. The interest rate was one point, two points, three point. It took non-insterst once again of after Chenghua. Reserve warehouse did not clearly defined the a fixed number of the grain. It stored from 300 to 500 shi every 1/2 kilometer in Chenghua period. While it increased into 1500 shi in Hongzhi time. Because the fixed number were too high, it became to define the number by the population. After that , it readjusted the fixed number three times. When the country revised the standard of fixed number of grain in the period of Wangli, it has been a downward adjustment once again.During the implementation of Reserve warehousein the Ming Dynasty, although had undergone rectifing many times, it still had many shortcomings in the actual operation. Such as, the shortcomings of links in aid, the shortcomings of official money buying food, the defects of storage location , malpractice in management , irrecoup the grain, grain storage loans inequality problem, advised by the nuisance of harm. Official cause for the rape, official corruption is the main cause leading to the the decline of preparatory warehouse.